Decentralization ___________

Conflicts, confusion, and failure to achieve decentralization objectives have characterized many decentralization efforts.6

The effective implementation of forest sector decentralization may depend on a basic national consensus regarding decentralization in general.

Regardless of the underlying motivation for decentralization, decentralization processes must be financially sound to be sustainable over the long term.

Ensuring effective decentralization and community choice

The current trend is toward decentralization.

Annex B Definitions of Decentralization Concepts

The Decentralization and Deconcentration Support Programme.

The Workshop distinguished between democratic decentralization and administrative decentralization, agreeing that the former was more likely to lead to beneficial outcomes.

Indonesia Decentralization in Forestry Indonesia's Experience (Siswanto)

To derive the lessons learned from countries that had implemented decentralization for use, where appropriate, by other countries in the process of decentralization.

Decentralization will benefit the population as a whole.

Ministry of the Interior, Public Administration and Decentralization

Decentralization of authority, responsibility, finances and accountability, in various forms, is occurring around the world.1 An estimated 60 countries are now undergoing decentralization processes.

(d) Decentralization and devolution of authority to local levels

A more gradual process towards decentralization is recommended.9

However, this formal decentralization process has not worked seamlessly.

Decentralization is a tool as well as a process.

Bolivia Decentralization in Bolivia Who Benefits and Why? (Pacheco)

Ghana has a long history of decentralization and re centralization.

Filippidou, Aspasia, Department of Social Participation, Decentralization and Regional Development

Papadopoulou, Vasiliki, Department of Social Participation, Decentralization and Regional Development

To share the experience of countries that had decentralized their forestry systems some time ago with countries currently undergoing rapid processes of decentralization, including the transitional aspects of decentralization.

Decentralization processes and the achievement of an appropriate balance between centralization and decentralization of forest related decision making and management are key to making progress toward sustainable forest management.

We also expect concrete, decisive progress in the area of decentralization.

There is also a need for education of youth in decentralization.

The economic costs and benefits of decentralization are not well quantified.

There are limitations of decentralization with respect to formal protected areas.

7 Morell on FAO Experience in Decentralization in the Forest Sector.

However Ribot argues that privatization is not a form of decentralization.

Further recalling the establishment of the informal advisory group on decentralization,

The resolution could constitute an important building block in UNIDO's decentralization.

That factor should be taken into account in the decentralization process.

The country's administrative system is based on centralization, devolution and decentralization.

Tailoring decentralization efforts to local contexts is a key element towards success.

Restructuring (e.g. creation elimination merger within and between government departments decentralization, etc.) ___________

The decentralization policy will target the district (prefecture) to make it operational.

Kosovo Serb participation this week in the decentralization working groups is also encouraging.

FAO has supported countries undergoing decentralization, by assisting in implementing institutional changes.7

Decentralization should recognize, work with and strengthen representative, democratic institutions at all levels.

Policies to promote an enabling environment for decentralization are essential in this context.

To date, uneven success has been achieved with decentralization in the forest sector.

10 Pacheco on Decentralization of Forest Management in Bolivia Who Benefits and Why?

It also proceeded with the decentralization of project portfolios to improve services to clients.

Source Ministry of the Interior, Public Administration and Decentralization General Secretariat for Public Administration