There is no indication that the ratio will decline anytime soon, which is particularly worrisome, given the low profitability and high borrowing costs that China s industrial enterprises face. Indeed, Chinese firms profitability amounted to just over 6 last year, with 2012 profits for China s 500 largest (mostly state owned) corporations barely exceeding 2 .

Firms which have diversified vertically tend to be the largest in terms of their turnover, but are among the less profitable and achieve the lowest rates of growth. The best growth performance is achieved by firms diversifying into related areas, while diversification into unrelated areas yields the highest profits but slow growth.

Table 6. Export intensity, profitability and R D intensity of Indian manufacturing SMEs, 1991 2001

Reducing the tax preferences for non corporate business entities (such as partnerships) that pass their income through to their owners individual returns would also broaden the tax base subject to the corporate income tax. Pass through companies now account for more than 80 of net business income (by far the highest share in the developed countries).

(1) if he she gains the stock equity of the enterprise, he she shall take part in the profit distribution in common with other investors and

Thereafter, profits will be split on a 50 50 basis between the applicant and the Enterprise.

An enterprise invested by the people's government or any of its departments or organs shall hand over the payable state owned profits to the treasury.

Indian manufacturing SMEs are relatively younger, are less able to undertake R D and import foreign technologies, are less oriented towards selling activities and have lower profit margins than larger enterprises.

Second, the profits and earnings of corporations and financial institutions will not rebound as fast as the consensus predicts, as weak economic growth, deflationary pressures, and surging defaults on corporate bonds will limit firms pricing power and keep profit margins low.

They include increased competitiveness of firms, knowledge and technology acquisition, market expansion abroad and increased profitability, including as a result of economies of scale.

But mark ups and the persistence of profits usually vary over the business cycle, may be higher in dynamic markets, and may be due to individual firms continuous lead in efficiency measurement of persistent profits is also difficult because of the inaccuracies of aggregation over different products and firms.

Entrepreneurs in developing countries must be prepared to participate in a globalized economy that demanded efficiency, competitiveness, productivity and high profits.

(2) organizing the implementation of such financial schemes as fund raising, investment, guarantee, donation, reorganization and profit distribution and so on, fulfilling the obligation of debt repayment of the enterprise faithfully

SOEs will be required to deliver 30 of their profits to the state, instead of keeping most or even all of their profits, as they have done for the last two decades.

While the survey did not capture the profitability indicator, an increase in revenues as a result of OFDI activities for enterprises highlighted in table 3 deserves mentioning.

2. The principal driving force in the globalization process today is the search by enterprises for profits worldwide.

No investor or operator may take advantage of the affiliated transaction to transfer the economic interests of the enterprise illegally or to manipulate the profits of the affiliated enterprise.

Many state owned enterprises proved to be high cost and low productivity operations and a drain on the public purse, often acting as a conduit for siphoning away rents to politically favoured groups and individuals.

On the other hand, men's participation in agriculture decreased from 75.9 per cent to 60 per cent, while the biggest increase in their share (from 9.6 per cent to 20.1 per cent) was observed in the services sector.

(d) Survey on unemployment and the restructuring of 500 Bulgarian enterprises

If the transaction costs, combined with high interest rates, require that the operation in question generate profit margins of the order of 30 to 50 per cent, it is not clear that this would be economically beneficial.

Milton Friedman, a leading proponent of the profit oriented approach to corporate management, famously declared that the business of business is business. Indeed, from this standpoint, there is no contradiction between profit maximization and the common good.

(2) if he she has not gained any stock equity of the enterprise, the profit distributed to him shall be listed and paid out of the current period expenses within the profit limit realized by the related businesses and the standards for distribution.

The increasing concentration has generated strong competition among retail establishments, which has translated into lower retailing margins and benefits to consumers.

Similarly, a uniform (high) interest rate applied to all industries and firms would penalize those firms in need of high levels of working capital.

Southern Europe could reconfigure its enterprises to become engines of productivity

To ease the constraints on household income, China needs more rapid exchange rate appreciation, liberalization of interest rates, and a much sharper increase in wage growth. More importantly, China needs either to privatize its SOEs, so that their profits become income for households, or to tax their profits at a far higher rate and transfer the fiscal gains to households.

Article 50 Except that it is otherwise stipulated by any laws or administrative regulations, the annual net profit of an enterprise shall be distributed in the following descending order

Size is also a constraint, since SMEs have greater difficulty than larger firms in generating sufficient profits for reinvestment in growth and in capacity building.

(2) determining material financial items such as fund raising, investment, guarantee, donation, reorganization, remuneration for operators and income distribution and so on

(1) as for those occurred in the reorganization of the enterprise, they shall be paid off in the undistributed profits, surplus reserves, capital reserves and paid in capital in turn or

Meanwhile, interest rates on bank loans to nonfinancial enterprises remain close to 7 , despite having fallen slightly over the last year. And, in the second quarter of this year, the annualized interest rate on loans to small nonfinancial corporations surpassed 25 .

In its research report, Citibank said that the vigorous growth of JD.com in operating profit margin and the gross margin of self operated business has embodied the advantage of JD.com's core business, which will exist for a long time to come.

In addition to the official channels of banks and financial institutions, the regulations authorize any approved institution to transfer capital in accordance with commercial contracts between Algerian companies and their foreign partners or to transfer the profits of companies legally established in Algeria.

It was further noted that among the important elements of a business enabling environment would be the maintenance by Governments of low inflation and interest rates, the availability of research facilities and capabilities to facilitate business growth and innovations, the promotion of not only economic growth but also productivity growth, and the fostering of business linkages with foreign companies.

A pro business agenda aims at maximizing the profits of existing firms a pro market agenda, by contrast, seeks to encourage the best business conditions for everyone. Who benefits from evidence that an industry is too concentrated, its profit margins are too high, and consumers are being ripped off?

The fundamental problems that triggered alarm bells in the first place including real estate bubbles, local government debt, rapid growth in shadow banking activity, and rising corporate leverage ratios remain unresolved. Of these, the most immediate threat to China s economic and financial stability is the combination of high borrowing costs, low profitability for nonfinancial corporations, and very high corporate leverage ratios.

Article 51 In case an enterprise has no distributable profit after fetching up the losses it suffered in the previous year and withdrawing the surplus reserves, it may distribute none profit to its investors, except that it is otherwise stipulated in any laws or administrative regulations.

And they're offering their creators 30 percent of the back end, in a much more entrepreneurial manner. So, it's a different model.

Corporate contracts place the profit oriented legal person at the center of the transaction and bind all of its stakeholders. Chinese corporate contracts have grown exponentially over the last 30 years, but they have special characteristics that reflect the primary role of Chinese state owned enterprises.

Why is it that business leaders and investors quite often don't see the connection between creating the intangible of employee happiness with creating the tangible of financial profits in their business?

Surprisingly, Stephen's statistics showed that these 29 Hollywood blockbusters generated US 14.8 million of profits on average, while the profit rate only reached 3.7 .

It is generally recognized that SSEs face unique problems which affect their growth and profitability and hence diminish their ability to contribute effectively to sustainable development.

It creates new opportunities and benefits not only for the investing firm and its partner but also for other firms through forward and backward linkages and thereby spillover effects in terms of technology, knowledge and productivity.

It is not surprising that in many microlending operations, trading activity with quick turnover and large profit margins dominates.