22. Although human rights treaty monitoring bodies were entitled to formulate comments or recommendations regarding reservations, they nevertheless did not have the power to set aside a reservation or make legal determinations regarding the validity of a reservation.

However, because secured transactions often involve parties and assets located in different jurisdictions, the Guide also seeks to address the recognition of security rights and title based security devices, such as retention of title and financial leases, effectively created in other jurisdictions.

All mandates should therefore be maintained until the General Assembly took a relevant decision.

Acquisition security rights include those that are denominated as security rights, as well as those that are denominated as retention of title, arrangements and financial leases.

It is also determined that all insured parties have equal rights to health care protection.

The law could subsume all devices that perform security functions into a unitary notion of security rights or preserve retention of title and similar devices as separate devices under other law but provide that the same rules applicable to security devices apply to the maximum extent possible.

We have reservations about that approach.

To that end, article 25 makes a legal reservation, which is absolute insofar as jurisdiction can only be determined directly in advance by the law.

The State party should ensure that a judge reviews all detentions to determine if they are legal and that all cases of detention are brought before a judge for that purpose, in conformity with the provisions of article 9 of the Covenant.

The insolvency law should provide that, in the case of insolvency proceedings with respect to a buyer under a title retention arrangement, a grantor or a financial lessee, the seller or financial lessor has the rights and duties of a third party owner of the asset under the UNCITRAL Legislative Guide on Insolvency Law.

In addition, prompt and effective oversight of detention by a judge or other officer authorized by law to exercise judicial power must be ensured to verify the legality of the detention and to protect other fundamental rights of the detainee.

The insolvency law should provide that, in the case of insolvency proceedings with respect to a buyer under a title retention arrangement, a grantor or a financial lessee, the seller or financial lessor has the rights and duties of a third party owner of the asset under the UNCITRAL Legislative Guide on Insolvency Law.

The purpose of the provisions of the law on acquisition financing devices (sales with a retention of title arrangement, purchase money security devices and financial leases) is to

... entering reservations with respect to all such articles as are in conflict with the provisions of Islamic law.

This principle has received judicial approval from the European Court of Human Rights.1 Hong Kong's obligations under the Covenant are subject to a reservation that it continues to apply immigration legislation as regards those persons who have no right to enter and remain.

With regard to the concern that registration might affect domestic practices, such as those involving a prolonged retention of title (i.e. a retention of title which extended to the proceeds from the sale of the asset the title to which had been retained), it was stated that those practices could be carefully identified and be left to other priority rules.

The insolvency law should provide that, in the case of insolvency proceedings with respect to a buyer under a title retention arrangement, a grantor or a financial lessee, the seller, purchase money lender or financial lessor has the rights and duties of a holder of a security right.

The seller retains title or the lender is granted a security right in the tangibles purchased to secure the repayment of the credit or loan.

According to the Court, pregnant women are entitled to have their places kept for them even when the university regulations do not allow for such an arrangement.

In some legal systems, all of the priority, super priority, security and priming lien options for attracting post commencement finance are available to cover the new lending.

(50) The insolvency law should specify that, upon application to the court, a secured creditor should be entitled to protection of the value of the assets in which it has a security interest. The court may grant appropriate measures of protection that may include

The most serious concern is that the President reserves the right to abolish these posts and resume the legislative function.

Pursuant to its provisions, the legal age for marriage in Benin was 18 years for both men and women, and married women were entitled to retain their maiden names.

The insolvency law should specify that, upon application to the court, a secured creditor should be entitled to protection of the value of the asset in which it has a security interest.

The law should treat acquisition rights arising under transactions, such as sales with retention of title arrangements, purchase money lending arrangements and financial leases, as security rights by including such rights within the definition of security rights and, thus, applying the rules governing security rights to these rights directly ( unitary approach ).

The law should provide that a secured creditor with a security right in fixtures in immovables that has been made effective against third parties under real property law has priority over a secured creditor with a security right in those fixtures that has been made effective against third parties by one of the methods referred to in recommendation 55.

The determination of the admissibility of a reservation was a prerogative of States and only States could define the consequences of the inadmissibility of reservations.

Among those retained was section 6 of the 1979 Constitution which vests the judicial power in the courts.

A State or an international organization may formulate a reservation to a treaty provision relating to non derogable rights provided that the reservation in question is not incompatible with the essential rights and obligations arising out of that provision.

That right had been confirmed by the advisory opinion delivered by the International Court of Justice on 16 October 1975, which was still valid.

6. Also encourages States parties to review periodically any reservations made in respect of the provisions of the International Covenants on Human Rights with a view to withdrawing them

The insolvency law should provide that, in the case of insolvency proceedings with respect to a buyer under a title retention arrangement, a grantor or a financial lessee, the seller, purchase money lender or financial lessor has the rights and duties of a holder of a security right.

When article 21, paragraph 3, stated that the provisions to which the reservation related did not apply as between the objecting State and the reserving State to the extent of the reservation, it was referring to reservations permitted under article 19.

For example, in 1979, the United Kingdom, Germany and France reacted to the reservation made by Portugal to the protection of property rights contained in Article 1 of the Protocol to the ECHR European Convention on Human Rights .

In accordance with international law and the relevant provisions of the Convention on the Law of Treaties, it was the responsibility of the State making a reservation to determine whether its reservation was consistent with the purpose and object of the treaty.

Noting also that the new Constitution provides for a Governor, who would maintain reserved powers in the Territory, to be appointed by the administering Power,

Recalls the states' right to reserve, where necessary, the right to express reservations on the international conventions, covenants, and agreements they subscribe to, as part of their sovereign rights.

(ii) Definition of the child The definition of the child contained in article 1 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child should be retained.

He also had doubts about the attempt to define the term specified reservations , being unsure that the definition offered had captured all the circumstances in which reservations could be specified within the meaning of article 19, subparagraph (b), of the Vienna Conventions.

Article 69 of the Labour Code secures this right once more, providing that all employees shall be granted annual vacations, retaining the work place (position) and the average wage.

(ii) The seller or financial lessor of the same encumbered asset that has retained title to it pursuant to an acquisition security right

The law protects the rights of victims. The State guarantees the victim judicial protection and compensation for injury (article 21).

The President retains final review of convictions and sentences.

Given that all provisions carried equal weight in contemporary international law, it was unnecessary to establish a particular reservations regime for a particular category of treaties.

The law should treat all devices that perform security functions as secured transactions, including the transfer of title to tangibles or the assignment of intangibles for security purposes, retention of title, financial leases and hire purchase agreements, except to the extent otherwise contemplated in recommendation 7 .