Total emissions of HFCs, PFCs and SF6 (gigagrams of CO2 equivalent)

PFC perfluorocarbon SF6 sulphur hexafluoride

(f) Limitation of the production and consumption of PFC, HFC and SF6 and

(c) Limitation of the production and consumption of PFC, HFC and SF6 and

Limitation and reduction of emissions of hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons and sulphur hexafluoride. Annex B

Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) Industrial processes

Perfluorocarbons (PFCs)

(xi) Limit and or reduce emissions of hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons and sulphur hexafluoride

Eighteen Parties (15 per cent) provided estimates of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and or sulphur hexafluoride (SF6).

3 The anthropogenically produced greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide (CO2) methane (CH4) nitrous oxide (N2O) hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6).

At a minimum, information should be provided on the following greenhouse gases carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6).

Most Parties reported emissions of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6), although not uniformly.

Industrial processes Most of the Parties reported emissions of the new gases, hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6).

Fluorocarbons and SF6

From 1990 to 1995 the relative shares of the gases did not change significantly, with the exception of HFCs, PFCs and SF6.

HFC, PFC and SF6 should be added no later than 2000 to the basket of gases for the above reduction objectives.

CF4 carbon tetrafluoride

The emissions of other GHGs (HFCs, PFCs, SF6) are expected to grow significantly, especially after 2000.

This compares with their major alternatives, HCFC 22 (global warming potential 1,780), HFC 134a (global warming potential 1,410), and HFC 141b (global warming potential 713).

Parties that made HFC projections for 2000 expect a considerable growth, while PFC projections show a decreasing trend.

CH4 and N2O accounted for 11 per cent and 4 per cent of total emissions, while emissions of HFCs, PFCs and SF6 taken together were 1.8 per cent of total emissions.

(b) Use of selected low GWP fluorocarbons instead of high GWP fluorocarbons

HFC hydrofluorocarbon

Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)

The share of process emissions from industry (CO2 and PFCs) is particularly high.

(b) Use, as far as possible, of selected low GWP fluorocarbons instead of high GWP fluorocarbons and

Companies switching from CFCs to other substances were accumulating growing volumes of CFCs for disposal, but could not keep them in storage indefinitely, and lacked the technical and financial capacity to destroy them.

Many Parties mentioned in this regard the substitution of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) by HFCs.

The relative importance of the other greenhouse gases (HFCs, PFCs and SF6) increased over the period 1990 to 1995, from 1.3 to 1.8 per cent of total GHG emissions.

Figures were also given for the indirect GHG carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and non methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOC), but not for hydrofluorocarbons (HFC), perfluorocarbons (PFC) and sulphurhexafluoride (SF6), emissions of which the team assume were small or zero in 1990.

Draft decisions and conclusions forwarded for adoption by the Conference of the Parties

The communication did not include emission figures for hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6 ) and only aggregated emission levels for precursor gases were provided.

Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) Industrial processes

Imports of CFC 11 show a radical decline, even the demand for CFC 12 is partly decreasing while CFC prices tend to increase.

Hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) emissions could, however, represent 3 4 per cent or more of total GHG emissions in 2000, depending on the speed at which the use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) is phased out in the fishing fleet.

(Agenda item 9 (a))

Fluorocarbons and other greenhouse gases

For the majority of Parties emissions of PFCs have decreased since 1990, while emissions of HFCs and SF6 have increased, HFCs in particular, owing to their use as a replacement for ozone depleting substances controlled by the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer.

Mr. Kuijpers noted that related gases (CFCs, HFCs, HCFCs and PFCs) were used in a variety of sectors, including refrigeration and air conditioning, foams, medical aerosols, fire protection and non medical aerosols.

Ireland is also encouraged to report on emissions of other gases whenever these occur in the country, examples being sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), and possibly perfluorocarbons (PFCs) from aluminium smelting.

For example, the Medical Technical Options Committee expressed the belief that it was critical during the final stages of the phase out of CFC MDIs that stockpiles of CFCs meeting quality requirements be utilized in preference to the production of new CFCs.

In line with the revised guidelines, the majority of Parties have extended their inventories to include hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulphur hexafluoride and mention them in the policies and measures text in second national communications.

As of 2006, however, CFCs would be used only in the servicing sector.

(a) Product standards with respect to leakages of fluorocarbon emissions

(a) Avoid, as far as possible, the use of fluorocarbons in testing procedures