Both frequency and tariff levels are a matter of concern.

Meanwhile, with the reduction of general tariff level, especially the import tariff reduction of medicine and consumer goods, the taxable items and tax rate for import tax on imported goods would be reduced accordingly.

Our country will reduce the MFN tariff rate for some goods from November 1, and the general tariff level will be reduced to 7.5 .

As a result of the Uruguay Round and national tariff reforms, average tariff levels of many countries have now been reduced to relatively low levels.

The reporter learned from the Tariff Commission of the State Council that the general tariff level in our country was reduced from 9.8 of the previous year to 7.5 , by an average of 23 after several continuous independent adjustments.

The ad valorem equivalents emerged as key, as they determine the level of the base rate to which tiered formula cuts will be applied for those products subject to non ad valorem duties.

Trade liberalization by developing countries has narrowed the gap between their MFN tariff levels and those of developed countries, although levels generally remain higher in the developing economies, where tariffs are still relatively important as sources of revenue and tools of development policies.

The persistence of many high duties and the below average reduction of many such rates is also a consequence of the fact that the Uruguay Round tariff negotiations did not establish specific targets for tariff harmonization, contrary to what had happened during the previous Rounds.

Sometimes the law authorizes the host Government either to grant an exemption from customs duty or to guarantee that their level will not be raised to the detriment of the project.

The information showed that average taxes had increased or decreased at relevant income levels by approximately 0.5 per cent of gross salaries.

Figure 14 Average tariff

The tax changes between 1995 and 1997, for both married and single taxpayers, have been rather minimal, and on average have increased or decreased at relevant income levels by approximately 0.5 per cent of gross salaries.

But, high tariffs, including MFN peak rates, remain in effect for a number of major food products, in particular for imports beyond limited preferential tariff quotas or past trade levels.

Tariff is a kind of protect means for compliance. The level of tariff should be compatible with industrial competitiveness to encourage healthy competition. While overprotection goes against the industry development and quality improvement.

Not only the level of a tariff, but also the tariff structure may imply a distortion of international production and trading conditions and constitute additional barriers to market access.

After the tax reduction, the finished automobile tax rate of China s automobile has been lower than the average level of developing countries, which is in line with the actual situation of China s automobile industry.

However, as described in some detail for food products in UNCTAD 1997b, the impact of tariffs levied in importing markets on the trade performance of developing country exporters is inconclusive. escalation remains for many products such as processed food items, limiting vertical diversification into this area, and several tariffs have been bound at prohibitively high levels, much above the applied tariffs.

By contrast, Romney would reduce America s corporate tax rate (the highest in the OECD) to 25 and tax American multinationals on a territorial, rather than a worldwide, basis in order to increase their tax competitiveness. He would also lower personal tax rates by 20 , and make up lost revenue by limiting tax deductions and credits, particularly at the upper end, thereby raising about 18.5 of GDP, just above the historical average, at full employment.

Relevant person in charge of Customs Tariff Commissions Office of the State Council introduced that the above four times initiative tax reduction and the third step tax reduction implemented on this year s July 1 in accordance with the results of the expansion of the information technology agreement negotiation will result in the overall tariff level fell from last year s 9.8 to 7.5 .

For instance, import tariffs have been cut to zero for the following products tropical fruits from ASEAN such as durians, lychees, and pitaya from 15 30 previously

After nine rounds of GATT WTO tariff liberalization this agenda has made significant strides with average tariff levels having reached single digit figures, and international flows of FDI, trade and financial resources having increased exponentially.

The adjusted overall tariff level is slightly higher than that of the EU, lower than most developing countries, at a moderately low level, and basically matches China s developing country status and development stage.

19. Although the successful conclusion of the Uruguay Round had reduced the level of tariffs and resort to non tariff barriers, enterprises could be prompted to resort to restrictive business practices.

Coherent and consistent application of the Customs regulations provides opportunities to lower the import duties while maintaining the level of revenue collected.

World Bank data indicate that tariffs imposed by developing countries on exports from other developing countries are often set at above average levels.

According to preliminary indications there seems to be little trade exceeding the tariff quota levels in agricultural and food industry products.

However, certain processed fruit and vegetable products will continue to face higher tariffs and seasonal import duties.

Tariff rates have been reduced from a weighted average of 14 per cent to 9 per cent and the plethora of tariff bands have been reduced to six this will simplify assessments by customs.

In outlining the negative effects of tariff escalation in section I.A of the report, more attention might have been given to the consideration of the links between MFN and preferential regimes, since the existence of preferential margins in relation to tariff levels mitigated the effects of tariff escalation.

Consequently, even many preferential ACP rates remain at peak levels.

Sufficient flexibility in determining the level and nature of their tariffs was seen as another critical policy tool for developing countries.

The EU applies additional tariffs, which are progressively higher at lower import prices, for oranges and other citrus fruit, grapes, apples, etc., as well as for tomatoes, olives, cucumbers and other vegetables.

The import tariffs of lipstick, eye shadow, perfume and some other cosmetics fell from 10 to 5 .

The average of applied MFN rates in 1996, for certain vegetable preparations and fruits, as well as fruit juices is 20 per cent, which is considerably above the overall average of 7 per cent.

The United States has a wide range of tariffs on processed fruit and vegetables, which are high for some products (e.g.24.4 per cent MFN rate on dried onions).

For example, we can choose how much to collect via a general income tax, a payroll tax, a consumption tax (such as a sales or value added tax), and so on. We can also choose how much revenue to raise today, rather than in the future (by varying the fiscal deficit).

8 This covers residency in Jerusalem, income taxes, social services, and infrastructure, sewage and water taxes, as well as TV and radio taxes.

There were 1585 taxable items in total for the tax reduction goods, which accounted for about 19 of total taxable items in our country. The average tax rate was reduced from 10.5 to 7.8 by an average of 26 .

Even after the full implementation of all Uruguay Round concessions a substantial number of high tariffs will remain which provide for high levels of protection and affect international trade, including exports from developing countries.

You realise that perfume is dutiable?

1. Taxation and customs

(a) Substantial reductions of tariffs, the rolling back of tariff peaks and the removal of tariff escalation

Office des douanes et accises

The axis of a wheel is staying on the same level, and this hip is staying on the same level as well.

Market access Tariffs and non tariff barriers