Satellite navigation

33. Navigation satellites.

GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System

And what if there's no GPS?

(d) Law and policy of satellite navigation.

(d) Use of the global navigation satellite system (the Russian system GLONASS and the American Global Positioning System (GPS))

The satellite navigation systems will make it possible to provide the services needed for the navigation of civil aircraft.

(vii) Recent developments in global navigation satellite systems

(a) Improving methods to ensure continuity in the availability of satellite based position location navigational services and exploring the possibility of cooperative global navigational satellite systems

The operation of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) continued.

(e) Cooperation with India in the field of satellite navigation

Satellite navigation systems are of considerable interest to the international civilian community, particularly civil aviation.

The Government of the Russian Federation confirmed a similar offer for GLONASS, consisting of 24 operational navigation satellites.

GLONASS Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System (Russian Federation)

GLONASS Global Navigation Satellite System (Russian Federation)

GLONASS Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System (Russian Federation)

Lastly, in the field of telecommunications, France is a participant in the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) programmes for air navigation.

Satellite navigation equipment is in routine use on Swedish merchant vessels using Transit Navstar type satellites.

For example, an observation satellite would locate the deployment of missiles an early warning satellite can warn of a launch of a missile much of this information and subsequent communications would be conducted via military communications satellites and finally any anti missile launched would be guided by the navigation spacecraft.

The Russian Federation operates discrete military and civil low altitude navigation satellites using the same kind of platform.

205. The future of terrestrial based radio navigation systems, in view of the development of satellite based systems, is unclear.

To this end, Indonesia is developing its own Aeronautical Navigation Satellite System (ANSS).

In December 2004, GLONASS gained three more satellites Cosmos 2411, Cosmos 2412 and Cosmos 2413.

Satellite navigation equipment is in routine use on Swedish merchant vessels using Transit Navstar type satellites.

(d) One workshop on integrated space technology applications, with tele health and landscape epidemiology using global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) technologies

(d) Satellite navigation and location systems a paper reviewing navigation and precise location systems and their applications

11. Invites Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and augmentation providers to consider establishing an international committee on GNSS as proposed in the Plan of ActionIbid., para. 267. in order to maximize the benefits of the use and applications of GNSS to support sustainable development

Norwegian companies are involved in developing and building the International Space Station, the Ariane 5 launchers, space telescopes, spacecraft for exploring other planets, Earth observation satellites, communication satellites and navigation satellites.

This configuration has been named the Global Navigation Satellite System, first generation (GNSS 1).

Operation as part of the GLONASS space navigation system.

(d) Application of satellite methods for precise navigation at the surface of Earth and in the air

The year 1997 saw the continued operation of the Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS), used for navigation by civil aircraft and naval vessels and also by other sectors of industry.

In particular, the civil navigation community in Europe is looking at them in the context of a future Global Navigation Satellite System.

(a) The Electronic Navigation Research Institute is conducting research and development work on satellite based technologies for air navigation and air traffic control.

Further steps were taken in the preparation of the terms of reference for the establishment of an international committee on GNSS for the purpose of promoting and coordinating their use and applications.

Participants recognized that space based technologies such as Earth observation satellites, communication satellites, meteorological satellites and GNSS played an important role in risk reduction and disaster management.

The ICAO Panel of Legal and Technical Experts has elaborated a draft Charter on the Rights and Obligations of States Relating to GNSS Services, which embodies fundamental principles applicable to GNSS.

Further steps were taken in the preparation of the terms of reference for the establishment of an international committee on GNSS for the purpose of promoting and coordinating the use and applications of GNSS.

States are encouraged to implement GNSS for such operations as appropriate and to complete feasibility studies for category I and II operations, based on GNSS technology.

There are also plans to develop communications through the Inmarsat satellite network for maritime navigation.

CNES and the Directorate General for Civil Aviation (DGAC) are behind the GNSS concept (Global Navigation Satellite System), which consists in using geostationary satellites to complement the GPS to enhance availability, integrity and precision of navigational signals.

70. The European Satellite Navigation Programme (ESPN) was being defined in cooperation with industry by the European Commission, ESA and Eurocontrol.

Those bodies have been using meteorological, geodetic and aeronautical satellites, and accumulating knowledge about their use.

Following adoption of the initial set of standards and recommended practices for GNSS, ICAO is developing similar standards and recommended practices for ground based regional augmentation systems and for new GNSS elements such as the modernized Global Positioning System of the United States, the Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) of the Russian Federation and the European Galileo system.

The ICAO Eleventh Air Navigation Conference, held in Montreal, Canada, from 22 September to 3 October 2003, reconfirmed the ultimate goal of transition to satellite based navigation for all phases of flight and developed guidance for gradual introduction of GNSS.