The Committee, noting the information provided regarding the acquisition of nationality, is concerned that a Bahraini woman is unable to transmit her nationality to her child when she is married to a foreign national, and that a foreign man is unable to acquire Bahraini nationality in the same manner as a foreign woman.

Article 9 Nationality law and aliens law

3. Diplomatic protection shall not be exercised by the present State of nationality in respect of a person against a former State of nationality of that person for an injury caused when that person was a national of the former State of nationality and not of the present State of nationality.

A State of nationality may not exercise diplomatic protection in respect of a person against a State of which that person is also a national unless the nationality of the former State is predominant, both at the date of injury and at the date of the official presentation of the claim.

2. Two or more States of nationality may jointly exercise diplomatic protection in respect of a dual or multiple national.

1. The State entitled to exercise diplomatic protection is the State of nationality.

They shall ensure in particular that neither marriage to an alien nor change of nationality by the husband during marriage shall automatically change the nationality of the wife, render her stateless or force upon her the nationality of the husband.

1. Any State of which a dual or multiple national is a national may exercise diplomatic protection in respect of that national against a State of which that person is not a national.

Thus, children acquire the nationality of their father, but they may choose to revert to their nationality of origin when they reach the age of majority if their father is a foreigner who takes Guinean nationality, or if he is a Guinean who renounces his nationality for another.

One academic study, focusing on Law No. 62 of 1958 on Citizenship, has come up with a recommendation that Indonesian women who marry foreigners should have the right to determine the citizenship of their children. The present Citizenship Law stipulates that children born of a legal marriage between an Indonesian woman and a foreigner should automatically follow the citizenship of the father.

b) Article 20 stipulates that Indonesian citizenship of a husband will be shared by his foreign born wife through a legal union, except that this gain of citizenship would bestow on his wife bi nationality or the wife could make a written declaration to reject the gaining of Indonesian citizenship.

Article 9 Nationalities law and aliens law

Ms. Gaspard said she was glad to hear that a foreign woman who married a Lebanese national could retain her own nationality, and, conversely, that a Lebanese woman who married a foreign national could retain her Lebanese nationality.

Article 9 nationality law and aliens law This section is mainly concerned with aliens policy in relation to women.

Foreign nationals or stateless persons of Kazakh ethnicity permanently residing outside of the Republic of Kazakhstan at the time of its independence and arriving in the Republic of Kazakhstan with the aim of residing there permanently.

Moreover, it was stressed that diplomatic protection should not be extended to non governmental organizations, since, in performing their international functions, such organizations did not have sufficient links to their State of nationality and had, therefore, no claim to its protection.

Foreign nationals and stateless persons can be granted asylum as established by the legislation.

It was also queried whether the Commission intended that the approach to predominant nationality should be applied to situations where a treaty obligation was triggered by a foreign nationality.

However, a foreign man who marries a Guinean woman may acquire Guinean nationality only by naturalization.

Attribution of the nationality of the successor State and withdrawal of the nationality of the predecessor State

Multiple nationality and claim against a State of nationality

e) Article 24 stipulates that a woman with foreign citizenship who weds an Indonesian man may acquire Indonesian citizenship by a declaration to this effect before an Indonesian Official or State Representative, except that the acquisition of this citizenship would bestow bi nationality on the individual.

The right of the State of nationality of the members of the crew of a ship to exercise diplomatic protection is not affected by the right of the State of nationality of a ship to seek redress on behalf of such crew members, irrespective of their nationality, when they have been injured in connection with an injury to the vessel resulting from an internationally wrongful act.

In the Constitutional law on citizenship, Chapter IV Nationality of children, nationality of parents, tutors and guardians and nationality of incompetent persons notes that the nationality of children under the age of 14 is the same as that of the parents. The nationality of children 14 18 years old may change if they consent to it.

Under the Netherlands Nationality Act, a person above the age of eighteen who is acknowledged as the child of an Aruban does not immediately acquire Dutch nationality.

Loss of nationality upon the voluntary acquisition of the nationality of another State

The Committee notes with concern that the provision regarding the acquisition of nationality as laid down in section 26 (2) (a) of the Constitution does not appear to comply fully with article 5 (d) (iii) of the Convention, since it stipulates that a foreign man is unable to acquire Nigerian nationality in the same manner as a foreign woman (art.

Article 24 stipulates that the foreign nationality of a woman who marries an Indonesian man can be retained by declaration before an official or Indonesian representative up to two years following the marriage, except that this nationality would bestow dual citizenship.

A national who has an employment contract with the civil service of a foreign Government or a foreign army retains his her nationality for six months after receiving an injunction from the Government of the Niger to terminate the contract.

(1) In deciding on expulsion, regard must be had to the question whether the expulsion must be presumed to be particularly burdensome, in particular because of

Encourages States of origin to promote and protect the human rights of those families of migrant workers that remain in the countries of origin, paying particular attention to children and adolescents whose parents have emigrated, and encourages international organizations to consider supporting States in this regard

A woman with Dutch nationality cannot be forced to relinquish her nationality if her spouse acquires another nationality.

During the period 2000 2003, the Vietnamese State has accepted 12,818 cases giving up Vietnamese citizenship to attain foreign citizenship, including 73 people currently living in Viet Nam.

Other factors discussed included dual citizenship and ethnic ties.

Renunciation of the nationality of another State as a condition for attribution of nationality

These were the Citizenship (Nationality) Code, the Law on the Special Provisions for Naturalization, the Law on the Identification of Persons and Regulation of Aliens (Foreigners) in Côte d'Ivoire, the Law on the Independent Electoral Commission (CEI), the Law on the Financing of Political Parties, and the Law on the National Human Rights Commission.

In response to the Committee's questions concerning citizenship, she noted that, under Latvia's Citizenship Law, all those permanently resident in Latvia for at least five years could acquire Latvian citizenship through naturalization, and that neither the marriage of a Latvian citizen to an alien or stateless person, nor the dissolution of such a marriage, affected the citizenship rights of the citizen concerned.

It was also suggested that the language of paragraph 2 needed to be revised in order to clearly limit the exception to cases of involuntary loss or imposition of nationality.

It was further suggested that an exception could be made to the rule of continuous nationality if, within the period described in paragraph 1, a stateless person or a refugee protected under draft article 8 acquired the nationality of the State exercising protection.

Draft article 7 Multiple nationality and claim against a State of nationality

Academic experience

1. The predecessor State shall withdraw its nationality from persons concerned qualified to acquire the nationality of the successor State in accordance with article 24. It shall not, however, withdraw its nationality before such persons acquire the nationality of the successor State.

(It should be pointed out that a foreign man who marries a Jordanian woman does not consequently acquire Jordanian nationality.

A foreign woman who contracts matrimony to a Mozambican can acquire Mozambican citizenship.

Children with Vietnamese mothers, and non citizenship or unidentified fathers, are granted Vietnamese citizenship, regardless of their place of birth within or outside Vietnam.