You can see areas where neuronal cell bodies are being stained.

The Y chromosome, the piece of DNA that makes men men, traces a purely paternal line of descent.

The chromosomes line up.

Bottom right are the sex chromosomes.

The way I suspect it will happen is using artificial chromosomes and extra chromosomes, so we go from 46 to 47 or 48.

So this is a single chromosome.

And you have two strands of DNA in each chromosome.

Chromosome one, top left.

But what's even more amazing is that if you look at the Y chromosome side, the male side of the story, the Y chromosome Adam only lived around 60,000 years ago.

This huge package of DNA is called a chromosome.

And we'll come back to chromosomes in a minute.

They'll want the new release.

We each have 23 pairs of chromosomes.

We did Haemophilus influenzae and then the smallest genome of a self replicating organism, that of Mycoplasma genitalium.

It is obviously central to the movement of the chromosomes.

Cell loss, mutations in chromosomes, mutations in the mitochondria and so on.

When the cell feels it's ready to go, it rips apart the chromosome.

And some of you have noticed that we switched from the smallest genome to a much larger one.

It reassembles its genome after this radiation burst in about 12 to 24 hours, after its chromosomes are literally blown apart.

Potatoes, potatoes have 48 chromosomes. Do you know that?

Every cell in your body (except mature red blood cells) there are about 50 trillion in an adult contains copies of your DNA, which are coiled up tightly to form 46 separate bundles called chromosomes. These chromosomes are stored in the core of the cell (nucleus), and there are 22 matching pairs, one of each pair from each of your biological parents, plus an X chromosome from your mother and either an X or Y chromosome from your father

Every cell in your body (except mature red blood cells) there are about 50 trillion in an adult contains copies of your DNA, which are coiled up tightly to form 46 separate bundles called chromosomes. These chromosomes are stored in the core of the cell (nucleus), and there are 22 matching pairs, one of each pair from each of your biological parents, plus an X chromosome from your mother and either an X or Y chromosome from your father XX makes you a girl and XY a boy.

And on these chromosomes are roughly 25,000 genes.

And as soon as we had these two sequences we thought, if this is supposed to be the smallest genome of a self replicating species, could there be even a smaller genome?

Similarly, exposure to the alpha radiation of plutonium produces chromosomal instability, which can be transmitted to offspring and can lead to the appearance of cancers in later generations or to mutations.

This was an African man who gave rise to all the Y chromosome diversity around the world.

Tint

Turner syndrome, a chromosomal abnormality in which all or part of one of the sex chromosomes is absent, manifests itself in several ways. These include characteristic physical abnormalities (most often non functioning ovaries, which results in the absence of menstrual cycles and sterility) and various other health problems, such as congenital heart disease, low thyroid hormone levels, and autoimmune diseases.

And if we both say yes, voila! Welcome to chromosomally LinkedIn.

I want to tell you about red pigmentation the basis of plant life.

I mean, why don't we talk about, well, there's chromosomes, and there's genes.

Unusual cases of Down apos s syndrome twins have also emerged, as have bone deformities, genetic syndromes and the presence of abnormal chromosomes.

So, all the multiples of three are coloured red, remainder of one will be coloured black and remainder of two will be coloured green.

And we thought this would be a great test bed for learning how to get chromosomes out of yeast and transplant them.

Now we're going to rewind and just focus on the chromosomes and look at its structure and describe it.

Two more than people, and the same as a gorilla.

And in that space station we have the genetic material, the chromosomes, within a nucleus.

This is what you look like. This is one of your chromosomes.

In the early stages of pregnancy, a serum marker screening test is performed for chromosomal pathology.

It was the first DNA phage, DNA virus, DNA genome that was actually sequenced.

So it's a very precious thing that we're using to dye our foods.

These sausage shaped things are the chromosomes, and we'll focus on them.

Because of the problems with Mycoplasma genitalium and its slow growth about a year and a half ago, we decided to synthesize the much larger chromosome, the mycoides chromosome, knowing that we had the biology worked out on that for transplantation.

Carole Lartigue led the effort to actually transplant a bacterial chromosome from one bacteria to another.

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