Effective marketing channels include destination management organizations and tourism boards, tour operators, guidebooks, media, certification schemes, travel fairs, such as the so called business to business (B2B) and business to consumers (B2C) fairs, internet retailers and consumers' organizations.

SERVIMED, a trading company created by the Government, prepares health tourism packages to be sold in target markets in cooperation with tour operators and travel agencies.

Business models should provide technological, financial and marketing solutions for the providers and users of the DMS, namely tourism providers (accommodation, transport and leisure companies), travel agents, tour operators, and consumers.

In the large scale retailing segment, domestic companies still dominate the market the three largest retailers are national firms controlling almost 60 per cent of the market.

It represents a growing distribution channel, complementary to traditional ones, for consumers, tourism enterprises such as hotels, transport companies, leisure companies and distributors, including travel agencies, tour operators and DMOs.

It is primarily a company that manufactures, bottles and resells the finished product to wholesalers and retailers in Costa Rica.

In 1996, agricultural production reached 240 million, while industrial production reached 100 million, tourism 40 million, sales and services 50 million, and public services 20 million.

These are 10 companies control much of what's in our grocery stores, much of what people eat. And that's really, really a problem.

Section 13 Transport and Tourism Division

These companies in their turn sell exclusive fishing rights to wealthy foreign tourists.

Foreign companies can, however, enter the Indian retail market through manufacturing, franchising, sourcing locally, test marketing, and so forth.

The services, retail, construction, and transportation and utilities sectors were the largest employers on the island, a consequence of the overwhelming importance of tourism to the civilian economy.

South African retailing companies have expanded to other African countries in search of opportunities not available domestically.

Planning, Ministry of Environment and Tourism

A key point to bear in mind is that e tourism websites serve a dual function to provide information for visitors to aid in planning their trip and to advertise and sell tourism products once the visitors are already at the destination.

The diffusion of ICTs enables tourism businesses to make tourism products and services directly available to a large number of consumers at a relatively low cost, and to interact with them, as well as with other tourism producers and distributors.

Under the Republic of Kazakhstan law on compulsory tour operator and travel agent civil liability insurance (December 2003), compulsory civil liability insurance is being introduced in the Republic for tourism organizations that provide tourism services. According to the law, tour operators and travel agents are obliged to take precautionary measures that ensure the safety of the tourists.

Development of sectoral guidelines, e.g., guidelines for tourism, boating, diving, cruise lines, coastal construction and fisheries.

While the majority of the sales of tourism products and services still happen off line, travel related Internet usage continues to grow at a rapid rate.

Palestinian travel agents are prevented from meeting arriving clients and there are no tourist bus companies based in the West Bank outside East Jerusalem.36

In distribution of tourism products, the role of wholesalers continues to be important, along with the emerging trend towards on line retailing of tourist packages.

However, websites run by direct tourism providers such as hotels and transport companies are attracting travellers seeking better prices by avoiding third party distributors.

The diffusion of ICTs enables tourism businesses themselves to make tourism products and services directly available to a large number of consumers at relatively low cost, and to interact with them as well as with other tourism producers and distributors.

There, the family founded Westco Jeans and grew it into a chain of 160 retail outlets.

13.2 The core functions of the Division are as follows

The retail sector includes two main types of retailers store and non store retailers.

Producers are also engaging in direct sales to consumers through on line retailing, bypassing retailers.

Since the Internet also creates opportunities for cross selling tourism products, B2B platforms should be implemented to help tourism buyers and sellers identify partners in a simple and effective way.

In most countries, the retail sector has typically developed in three stages first, local or regional players dominate, before a smaller number of national companies takes over, with e tailers ultimately challenging traditional businesses. But China lacks national leaders, with the top five Chinese retailers in different product categories commanding less than 20 of the market, compared to up to 60 in the US.

The growing adoption of the Open Travel Alliance (OTA) standard based on Extensible Markup Language (XML) greatly facilitates the exchange of information between tourism enterprises such as airlines, hotels, car rental enterprises and travel integrators such as Cendant, Sabre, Expedia, Orbitz, and SITA.

Part C discusses key elements of national and regional e tourism strategies and policies put in place by developed and developing countries (including online marketing and new tourism products), as well as cooperation processes in the tourism industry.

UNDP also continued its support to the tourism sector by providing capacity building assistance to the Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities in the areas of policy formulation, sectoral planning, human resources development and tourism awareness and marketing.

Retailers have integrated backwards into wholesale operations, and producers have integrated forward, performing wholesale functions by distributing their products directly to retailers.

Eco tourism, cultural and natural heritage tourism, health and medical tourism and adventure tourism are some of the tourism niches that are increasingly marketed by destinations and tourism enterprises in developing countries.

It may involve the transport, distribution and sale of goods from a producer to a consumer, such as in wholesaling and retailing, or the provision of a service, such as in education, health care, tourism, entertainment, insurance, the media and legal advice.

In response to demand for vegetables in the tourism sector and the increasing number of retail outlets, an increasing number of small farmers have invested in drip irrigation technology for intensive farming.

13.1 The Transport and Tourism Division is headed by a Chief who is accountable to the Executive Secretary.

47. As part of its strategy to position the tourism industry to meet increasing global competition, the Government is supporting the retail sector s efforts to promote shopping and has introduced a number of amendments to the Customs Tariff Act, effectively reducing duty on selected tourist related items.9

Retail trade 353

Tourism services comprise advice, information, sale of accommodation, transport, international tourism services and excursions entrance to parks and swimming pools individually or in groups.

The top 100 retailers (see table 3) account for 25 per cent of worldwide retailing sales.

Meanwhile, there are only a handful of online tour companies and traditional travel agencies that develop proprietary products for self drive travel. Many online travel platforms only sell self drive travel products provided by some suppliers. Some self drive travel clubs are also key suppliers.

World Tourism Organization (WTO)

WTO World Tourism Organization.

WTO (Tourism) World Tourism Organization