We've got to take that, we've got to make that into a fusion reactor.

The ITER international experimental reactor is considered to be the next major step in fusion research.

Babcock Wilcox that make nuclear reactors, here's an integral fast reactor.

We are looking forward to joining the International Thermonuclear Energy Reactor project involving nuclear fusion, as a full partner.

France is now rushing to construct the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor, (ITER), which is supposed to show that nuclear fusion can be used to power nuclear power stations. ITER is often presented as the long term solution to the problem of global warming, because nuclear fusion can provide an infinite and clean source of energy.

Nuclear reactors

In order to study it, it has been decided to build the International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility (IFMIF) in Japan. Some scientists have argued that the neutron irradiation in IFMIF won t be the same as in fusion reactors, but it should be noted that its cost, at one billion euros, will be one tenth that of ITER.

In spite of large international research programmes such as Joint European Torus (JET) and the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), the future practical utilization of fusion energy remains uncertain.

The time frame for carrying out the ITER experiments, developing a prototype fusion power plant and commercial power plants is at least 50 years or longer.

And in fact we can make fusion happen.

And there is one reaction that's probably the easiest fusion reaction to do.

In fact, I design nuclear reactors.

We can do fusion. In the center of this device we made 16 megawatts of fusion power in 1997.

It's the only machine in the world that's actually done fusion.

Some political leaders explain that nuclear fusion is at work in the sun, and that, thanks to ITER, we will harness it. They often add that, since fusion burns hydrogen, which can be found in seawater, it is an infinite source of energy.

When people say fusion is 30 years away, and always will be, I say, Yeah, but we've actually done it. Right?

Poland currently operates one nuclear research reactor.

Now, it's kind of nuts to work on a new nuclear reactor.

(c) Endorsement of the IAEA Code of Conduct on the Safety of Research Reactors

In the fission reactions that nuclear power generation relies on today, heavy elements such as uranium break into smaller ones, while in nuclear fusion small elements such as hydrogen stick together and form heavier elements (helium). Both fission and fusion produce a lot of energy.

So just imagine you take your P.C. and throw it into a nuclear reactor and it still has to work.

In order to transform the quot sarcophagus quot into a safe facility, it was necessary to begin immediately to launch an integrated programme, which would include stabilizing the structure housing the destroyed reactor, emptying the reactor of its highly radioactive fuel and disposing of it in accordance with international rules, and deactivating and dismantling the quot sarcophagus quot and the destroyed reactor.

So I think microreactors is going to be important for the future.

During the 1990s, however, transmutation research has assumed importance as it could offer possibilities to dispose of both nuclear waste from power reactors and surplus weapon material.

While Belgium, Germany, Spain and Sweden had decided to phase out their nuclear reactors, China, the United Kingdom and the United States were planning to construct more of them.

The Fusion Myth

The Russian space programme using reactor NPS is almost exclusively based on future NPUs with thermal emission reactor converters and NPPUs with reactors based on rocket propulsion technology.

(g) In May 1996, the sections on reactors and reactor equipment, on non nuclear materials, on the fabrication of fuel elements as well as on heavy water production were reviewed. Parts of these sections were updated and new, detailed equipment was added

And then finally somebody picked up a microscope and looked at the water that was sitting next to the cores.

But fortunately, if you can do this fusion reaction, you've got a neutron, so you can make that happen.

Brazil also participates in international initiatives with a view to developing innovative reactor designs, such as INPRO and Generation IV.

And especially the small reactors need to go forward.

Reactor safety

IAEA has published more than 100 documents (standards and guidance) on the safety of reactors in land based nuclear power plants and also for research reactors in its Safety Series.

(a) Liquid metal (NaK) coolant droplets from nuclear reactor cores dumped in a 950 km storage orbit

But that's not really fusion power. That's just making some fusion happen.

If you are going to Jupiter, you have a very high radiation, you know, environment. It's about the same radiation environment close by Jupiter as inside a nuclear reactor.

We take note of the Agency's contributions to a research study on innovative nuclear reactors and fuel cycles conducted within the framework of the International Project on Innovative Nuclear Reactors and Fuel Cycles.

Increasing construction and operation of nuclear reactors in electricity production around the globe indicate that more and more States are pursuing nuclear energy as a component of their energy mix in the new century.

Stewart Brand would put a micro nuclear reactor right in the center, probably.

And they're selling these floating reactors, only 35 megawatts, to developing countries.

lasers, portable X Rays, shielding for nuclear reactors, compact discs, hybrid vehicle motors,

Plutonium utilization in ageing Russian reactors could lead to proliferation from civil reactor sites.

And with current reactor technology we really don't have very much uranium.

Although it has some scientific interest in plasma physics, the participating countries should clearly state that funding it won t affect the rest of their research efforts. At the same time, the international community should support research on energy saving and storage, and accelerate the development of fourth generation nuclear reactors, which will use fission and be both clean and durable.