For purposes of providing the people of the country with safe contraception, a number of contraceptives (intrauterine devices and hormonal contraceptives) are on the list of key, vitally important pharmaceuticals.

According to the health statistics available to the Ministry of Social Affairs, 18.2 of fertile women used hormonal contraception and 14.5 intrauterine spiral in 2001.

Like, Mother takes the pill every night.

Compared to 1992, the number of women using hormonal contraceptives increased more than four fold whereas the number of users of the intrauterine spiral dropped the respective numbers are 3.9 and 20.9 The information only reflects the behaviour of women who visit gynaecologists.

According to a recent survey, more than 60 per cent of women used contraceptives, mainly the intrauterine device.

The commonest method is the pill (98.1 ), followed by condoms (97.6 ) and female sterilization (96.6 ).

Only 16 of them use one of the modern methods of contraception (condom 3 , IUD 7 , pill 5 ), while 33 of them use some of the traditional methods (interrupted intercourse).

The commonest is the pill (58 ), followed by intra uterine devices (30 ) and female sterilization (26 ).

Women who became pregnant while using a contraceptive method owing to its failure (tables 12.7 and 12.8).

Increasing the rate of birth control use in both urban and rural areas.

The Panel finds that it was reasonable and prudent for Iran to provide safe drinking water and sanitation facilities to the refugees in order to prevent the spread of communicable diseases.

Data from the same survey indicate that the most common method used is the coil at 43 per cent, followed by the contraceptive pill at 26.4 per cent.

Most of the visits, however, are connected with the wish to obtain contraceptives.

Provision of information on and monitoring of contraceptive use

This is the legal basis for the use of contraceptives, which are on sale and freely available.

Furthermore, the increased use of contraceptives had led to a decline in fertility.

Act No. 64 69, banning contraception, had been replaced in 2000 by Act No. 01 2000 liberalizing access to contraception.

With regard to family planning, there was a very low usage of contraceptives, at just 11 per cent.

In the urban zones, there are contraceptives that can be distributed via the SMI Program or in pharmacies.

Current use of modern methods is placed at 5 for the women in union, being the injections and the pill the methods that present greater prevalence of use (2.3 and 1.5 , respectively).

So they could supply pills and condoms throughout the country, in every village of the country.

Concerning the use of each specific method per age group, women in union aged less than 40 years mainly use the pill and injections.

Of contraceptive users, 49.3 per cent prefer oral contraceptives, 37.2 per cent use intra uterine devices and 12.8 per cent use other methods.

The pill and intra uterine devices are next in importance with 13 and 11 per cent respectively, although their shares are declining.

The aim is to avoid unwanted pregnancies, especially among teenagers, and to curb the high abortion rate which has been rising during these years of shortage.

In 1997, the percentile distribution of the Population in Reproductive Age for current contraceptive use, according to sex, was the following as per contraceptive use

It is important to note that the most popular contraceptive method was the hormonal injectable, which accounted for 18.1 per cent of contraceptive use in rural areas in 2001, compared with 4.9 per cent in 1998.

The distribution of contraceptives by the private sector contributes to the inability of collecting relative data in our country.

CONTRACEPTION

The Directorate of First degree Health Care of the Ministry of Health and Welfare in co operation with the Directorate of Health Education and Information have proceeded to printing the following leaflets a) Contraceptive methods determination of fertility , b) Do you want to avoid abortion?

408. The Committee recommends that the Government consider the advisability of revising the legislation criminalizing abortion and suggests that it weigh the possibility of authorizing the use of the RU486 contraceptive, which is cheap and easy to use, as soon as it becomes available.

There are no precise and systematic data about the use of contraceptives in Estonia.

The decision to practice contraception is affected by six factors the strength of the motivation to avoid pregnancy knowledge about contraception costs of practicing contraception, specifically perceptions of the social, cultural, and religious acceptability of contraception perceptions of the husband's opposition to family planning health concerns about contraception and access to family planning of acceptable quality.

There still does not exist any legislative regulation concerning distribution of contraceptives by insurance funds.

As a result, there had been a significant increase in the use of contraceptives and in the number of hospital births.

Ms. Pimentel asked whether the reduction in fertility rates indicated widespread use of contraceptives.

For its fulfilment, the accessibility of information and the availability of contraceptives are essential preconditions.

Measures adopted to help improve the health conditions of women

Contraceptives are supplied mainly by the private sector, which accounts for 72.1 per cent of contraceptive methods, compared with the 27.1 per cent supplied by the public sector (table 12.6).

The high cost of contraception, the reduction in the number of refundable oral contraceptives, the lack of free family planning services and the nature of sexual education are also of concern to the Committee (art.

In the Republic, 35.6 of women of childbearing age use one form or other of contraception. The main contraception method is the intrauterine device (62.5 , as opposed to 73.4 in 1999).

Well, it is more common with multiple partners, there is less condom use, and there is age disparate sex that is, older men tend to have sex with younger women.

The use of contraceptives is least common among women with no education, only 58 per cent of whom have recourse to contraception the commonest method is female sterilization (28.6 ), and the least common are implants (0 ), male sterilization (0.4 ) and the vaginal methods (0.9 ).

Since 2003 a regulation of the Minister of Social Affairs is in force, which allows the prescription for anti baby pills to be used for two or three times.

Efforts were being made to make family planning services available, but contraceptive prevalence was still very low.