All these factors contribute to high levels of fertility, morbidity and mortality, as well as to low economic productivity.

The adult literacy rate is 98 per cent.5 The pupil teacher ratio averages 25 1.

I was told I had a 40 percent chance of survival.

These living conditions can, in turn, breed disease, causing high rates of infant and child mortality.

Birth Rates and Fertility Rates

45. Environmental costs arise in a number of ways, and the costs incurred will often improve the operational efficiency of the enterprise, as well as its environmental efficiency.

A given pace of accumulation can of course generate different growth rates, depending on its nature and composition, as well as the efficiency with which production capacity is utilized.

The world today encompasses, therefore, countries at all stages of the demographic transition, that is to say, the transition from a regime of high fertility and high mortality producing low population growth to one where both fertility and mortality are low and produce again low rates of population change.

TGF Rates Global of Fertility

Indicators to be measured include not just rates of obesity, high blood pressure, and incidence of disease and related costs, but also absenteeism, school grades and graduation rates, employment statistics, accidents, and the like. Although the funder keeps the reduction in health care costs, the community gets all of the many payoffs from a healthier population including an enhanced reputation.

Cost increases were limited by technological advances leading to productivity gains.

The lack of access can contribute to high rates of infant and maternal mortality, fertility and malnutrition, indicators that are closely associated with women's level of education.

Since its inception in the 1970s, the programme has made slow and modest gains in terms of declines in the population growth rate and the total fertility rate and an increase in the family planning prevalence rate.

The fact that, during the transition, mortality reductions usually precede fertility reductions leads to a period of rapid population growth.

There has been a higher incidence of infant deaths that are caused by inborn anomalies, however.

primary school grade, 1990

And I found that industrial productivity can be achieved on a small scale.

308. The Programme seeks to reduce maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity and prevent children from being born with disabilities as a result of an ailment occurring during pregnancy, confinement or post partum.

FERTILITY

(c) Unchecked fertility, with a gross birth rate of 50 per 1,000 and a gross reproduction rate of 3.7 daughters per woman

These changes can be seen in the composition of the family, the increase in households headed by women, the changes in marital patterns, the increase in common law marriages, the reduction in fertility rates, and the rise in the divorce rate.

Because of the high dropout and repeat rates, the Ministry of Education is focusing its efforts on ensuring that students complete first grade (nearly one third of students drop out in first grade).

2. Mr. Chamie (Director, Population Division) said that, in a population context, international migration, along with fertility and mortality, was one of the building blocks of population change.

It also noted that female genital mutilation and early child birth contributed to the high rate of maternal mortality.

Comparing the drop out rates of female and male students at primary level in 1999 and 2001, the number of female drop outs rate was lower than that of male drop outs rate (in 1999 the ratio was 0.77 1.01 and in 2001 the ratio was 1.01 1.23).

Some disparities had occurred in the calculation of conversion rates to United States dollars.

The Committee encourages further measures to achieve cost effectiveness and productivity gains.

Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) ____________

12.5 Fertility

Gross reproduction rate

Net reproduction rate

Probability of success

Both in the structure of morbidity and the structure of mortality for children, the main causes are infectious parasitic diseases, respiratory illnesses and conditions arising in the perinatal period.

The annual birth rate is 24.46 births per 1,000 population and the annual death rate is 3.39 deaths per 1,000 population.

The intensification of rice production with inefficient application of pesticides has caused significant damage to agro biodiversity and resulted in environmental pollution.

1.2.2 Fertility, Reproduction and Mortality

Maximum rate of growth

Minimum rate of growth

Total fertility rate

Specific fertility rate

Improving productivity

The halt or fall in production has led to widespread unemployment, with all its attendant negative effects on the whole of society.

Why control the births when we can increase the deaths?

Despite the progress made in reducing the total fertility rate, there are still significant differences between desired and actual fertility, which are related to women's level of education, place of residence, income and ethnic group.

In 1993 94 the rate was 92 per cent for primary and 93 per cent for secondary schools.