The particulate is sent for analysis, using alpha, beta and gamma spectroscopy, together with mass spectroscopy techniques.

Energy Analyser of Mass Spectrometer

(b) An infrared mapping spectrometer with low spatial resolution and high spectral resolution to measure the surface mineralogy.

In 1995 the engineering model of the materials analysis section of MIGMAS has been completed and is currently undergoing performance tests.

(a) Spectrum analyser with options

The final stages, when I ran the samples through a high pressure liquid chromatography mass spectrometer, which separated the compounds and analyzed the chemicals and told me exactly how much carcinogens I had in my chicken.

Experiments were performed in preparation for the installation of the microanalysis station MIGMAS on MIR in 1997.

The collaboration with the Naturhistorisches Museum in Vienna and the Centre de Spectrometrie Masse et Spectrometrie Nuclaire, Orsay (France) on the study of micrometeorites from Antarctic blue ice is progressing well.

138. As with other substances, the proper identification of signatures produced by MS is vital.

Seibersdorf, together with Joanneum Research (JR) in Graz and RKK ENERGIYA Kaliningrad is developing the space qualified ion microprobe MIGMAS which will be installed 1997 as permanent equipment on the Russian space station MIR Onboard of MIR it will form the centre of a materials analytical laboratory for investigation of space exposure effect on materials.

The MS signature of the specimen consists of the pattern of distribution of its constituent ions, which can be compared to known signatures of substances determined experimentally.

The data obtained with the aid of HEND fully agreed with the findings based on independent measurements made by United States instruments on board the same satellite and those of the European satellite Mars Express, which also carried some Russian made instruments, such as the Planetary Fourier Spectrometer (PFS), the Ultraviolet and Infrared Atmospheric Spectrometer (SPICAM) and the Visible and Infrared Mineralogical Mapping Spectrometer (OMEGA).

In general, the multispectral and radar instruments exploited different regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, and could often yield complementary information useful for tackling a variety of national development problems.

The multispectral scanners were normally used to acquire images during daylight hours.

By heating the filter to two different temperatures the absorbed aerosols are evaporated and carried away by nitrogen gas via an external heatable tube and transferred to the Gas Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer (GCMS) instrument for further analysis.

Mass spectrum viewer and data analysis proteomics tool

viewer for mass spectrometry data

Bio polymer mass spectrometry software

The optical, multispectral scanners sensed the solar energy reflected or emitted by surface features.

Three improvements to MS are pertinent to the present report.

The Goto 45 centimetre reflecting telescope, for example, is equipped with a photometer, a spectrograph and a photographic camera.

Its primary instrument was the active microwave instrument (AMI), which could provide high resolution images (in C band) and wind speed through ocean wave spectra analyses.

Its primary instrument is an active microwave instrument (AMI), which can provide both high resolution images (in C band) and wind speed (by analysing ocean wave spectra).

The system s computer has software that enables it to rapidly compare the patterns of unknown organisms with patterns of known organisms stored in the database.

136. Traditionally, MS equipment is large, bulky and energy inefficient.

Materials returned from MIR were analysed and characterised at Seibersdorf and showed the good conditions of MIGMAS components after 3 years of operation onboard the space station.

Secondly, much work has been done to miniaturize MS equipment portable devices have already been installed in Jeeps and taken into the field for on the spot analysis of samples.

Within five years mobile MS apparatus will be available that is specially equipped to analyse BW material and remotely connected to databases to enable instant comparison of signatures from agents collected in the field with known, stored signatures.

Exposed to the spectrograph, the smudge was broken down... into its component parts and photographed.

Techniques have been developed that allow bacteria and toxins to be analysed by mass spectrometry MS instrumentation and equipment are being miniaturized and made sufficiently rugged to withstand field conditions and work is being done to subject known pathogens and toxins to MS analysis, record the signatures of those agents in databases and develop software for identifying signatures against a noisy background.

Provide financial and institutional support to maintain and to expand well calibrated ground based measurement networks for column ozone, including both spectral and filter instruments.

However, as discussed above, in a few years the arsenal of analytic techniques available to inspectors will be significantly enhanced as portable MS instruments prove their effectiveness.

Most are initially of the immunoassay type, which can only be verified by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry.

Computers may be used to facilitate comparison between the signature of the unknown substance with signatures stored in databases.44

So I put it through a G.C., a Gas Chromatograph that I have in my office, and it s about 400.

One on the Czech subsatellite Magion 4 of the tail probe SAS the plasma wave spectrum analyser

Airborne gamma spectroscopy work in other countries and at the Scottish Universities Research Reactor Centre has shown that it is possible to detect material and ground contamination from nuclear industrial processing activities using airborne gamma spectroscopy from a low flying platform.

It may be that space NPS safety standards should contain specific requirements applying to the use of ionizing radiation sources (gamma quants, neutrons or alpha and beta particles) in interplanetary and near Earth orbital spacecraft (for example, the Mössbauer spectrometer, the gamma spectrometer or soft landing systems).

The imager and the infrared spectrometer would be mounted at the nadir side, outside the structure, and would be placed on the radiator to ensure adequate thermal control of the infrared detectors.

One on the auroral probe POLRAD the radio spectro polarimeter to measure electromagnetic auroral kilometric radiation.

Among other things, the Canadian contribution will include an Optical Spectrograph and Infra Red Imaging System (OSIRIS) instrument.

For these reasons there needs to be further research and development to generate computer programmes that filter out background noise and produce recognizable patterns from protein containing samples undergoing MS analysis.

Since these are parts of an isotope ratio mass spectrometer of United States manufacture, they cannot be obtained by Cuba.

RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL, EXCEPTED PACKAGE INSTRUMENTS or ARTICLES .

In such cases, the reading unknown would appear and only a laboratory would be able to identify the product with a gas chromatograph.