The distribution sector includes commission agents, wholesalers and retailers who act as enablers of trade.

In the large scale retailing segment, domestic companies still dominate the market the three largest retailers are national firms controlling almost 60 per cent of the market.

The informal retailing sector will have a role to play once markets are opened and formal retailing expands.

Retailers are distributors selling to end consumers.

The retail sector is characterized by economies of scale and scope as well as vertical integration and the existence of large retail chains.

In most countries, the retail sector has typically developed in three stages first, local or regional players dominate, before a smaller number of national companies takes over, with e tailers ultimately challenging traditional businesses. But China lacks national leaders, with the top five Chinese retailers in different product categories commanding less than 20 of the market, compared to up to 60 in the US.

The process of opening the retail sector in China began in 1992 when foreign investment was allowed in retailing on a trial basis.

These are 10 companies control much of what's in our grocery stores, much of what people eat. And that's really, really a problem.

Retail sales in the Russian Federation totalled 194.6 billion in 2004, with the distribution sector's contribution to GDP amounting to 22 per cent.

The retail sector includes two main types of retailers store and non store retailers.

Producers are also engaging in direct sales to consumers through on line retailing, bypassing retailers.

The liberalization of the distribution sector in China has implied benefits for example, the development of different distribution formats, including specialty stores, the enhancement of local marketing and managerial capacity, and the possibility for domestic manufacturers to enter the international supply chain of foreign retailers (95 per cent of the products distributed by foreign retailers in China are locally sourced and foreign retailers export Chinese products abroad).

Retail trade 353

Online sales are less common in retail trade (B2C) or in services' industries, with sales accounting for only 1.7 and 1 per cent of total sales, respectively.

The top 100 retailers (see table 3) account for 25 per cent of worldwide retailing sales.

Retail fuel dealers

Wholesale and retail trade

27. Retail and wholesale

I'd put out feelers to retailers, to auctioneers, and it was coming up empty.

The Euro Retailer Produce Working Group (EUREP) is a European based trade organization for retailers.

Distribution services are dominated by wholesale and retail services.

Growing use by retailers of own brands and discount retailing have also been driving prices down significantly.

With 15 million retail outlets, India has the highest retail outlet density in the world.

Wholesale and retail petrol

Retail trade and repair services

Significantly broaden distribution via retail and the Internet.

Notably, retail services would in part cover wholesale and commission agents' services under CPC 6111 and 6113.

Managing the process is important for the successful opening up of the distribution sector to ensure competition and allow the benefits to flow to consumers.

In particular, online retail sales of physical goods amounted to approximately RMB5.08 trillion, while online retail sales of services amounted to nearly RMB1.49 trillion.

In Europe, for example, on line retailing accounts for 2 per cent of total grocery sales, but it is growing by 50 per cent annually.

Following the GATS services sectoral classification, distribution services include commission agents' services, wholesale trade services, retailing services, and franchising.

Magical new retail

China s E Tail Revolution

Store retail services can be classified according to size, business format, and product mix or specialization.

Retailers are able to access and tap different cost structures in different countries and are becoming global.

Informal retailers could become the suppliers or the customers of formal retailers, or their franchises.

Between 1000 and 1600 hours Israeli warplanes overflew the South.

And you can create parts with moving components, hinges, parts within parts.

Part of this is pure automation. Another important part is disintermediation the elimination of intermediaries in banking, online retail, and a host of government services, to name just a few affected areas.

More than two thirds of the businesses are engaged in trade and 57 of these in the retail trade.

Pakistan, where distribution (both wholesale and retail) is the single largest complement of the services sector, is an interesting example.

Foreign sales represent a significant share in total sales of the main European retailers.

According to relevant regulations of the Indian government, establishing retail stores in India would entail procuring 30 of a product s parts and components in India.

Some products enter the market through wholesalers who in turn distribute the products to a variety of retailers, while in other cases the producer sells directly to the retailer.

The fresh food supermarket war has escalated, and have become a phenomenal topic in the new retail sector. Just what is new in new retail?