People like Kenneth Miller could be called a godsend to the evolution lobby because they expose the lie that evolutionism is, as a matter of fact, tantamount to atheism.

This book, Finding Darwin's God, by Kenneth Miller, is one of the most effective attacks on Intelligent Design that I know, and it's all the more effective because it's written by a devout Christian.

Social choice theory in its modern and systematic form owes its rigorous foundation to the work of Kenneth J. Arrow in his 1950 Columbia University PhD dissertation. Arrow s thesis contained his famous impossibility theorem, an analytical result of breathtaking elegance and reach.

Those crisis countries that do not want to take it upon themselves to lower their prices should be given the opportunity to leave the eurozone temporarily in order to devalue prices and debts. In other words, they should take a kind of euro sabbatical a proposal that has now also been taken up by American economist Kenneth Rogoff.

So it was natural to ask economist advocates of bleeding like Harvard s Alberto Alesina and Kenneth Rogoff how they expected their cure to work. Their answer was that the belief that it would work the confidence fairy would ensure its success.

Even if one accepts the claim of the Harvard economists Carmen Reinhart and Kenneth Rogoff that very high public debt levels mean lower growth a view that they never really established and that has subsequently been discredited Australia is nowhere near that threshold. Its debt GDP ratio is only a fraction of that of the US, and one of the lowest among the OECD countries.

In their widely cited paper Growth in a Time of Debt, Kenneth Rogoff and Carmen Reinhart argue that, when government debt exceeds 90 of GDP, countries suffer slower economic growth. Many Western countries national debt is now dangerously near, and in some cases above, this critical threshold.

In the late 1960 s and early 1970 s, Phelps s encounters with Amartya Sen, John Rawls, and Kenneth Arrow at Stanford revived his philosophical streak. He had extremely valuable intellectual conversations with Rawls, prompting him to write several essays on the theory of economic justice and publish a book on the subject in 1974 a book still used today.

Egypt s public debt is around 80 of GDP, very close to the 90 level that economists Kenneth Rogoff and Carmen Reinhart identify as a harbinger of slower growth and heightened vulnerability to financial and fiscal crises. Egyptians need only glance north, at the European debt crisis, to understand they should sort out their debt problem now, rather than waiting until it reaches Greek proportions.

Second, depending on the institution s mandate, a state led investment program offers a way to rebalance the British economy away from private speculative activity to long term investment in sustainable growth, and away from the south east to the midlands and the north of England. In short, it offers a way to address the problem of private affluence and public squalor that John Kenneth Galbraith identified in the 1950s.

The first account relied on the view, most closely associated with the economists Carmen Reinhart and Kenneth Rogoff, that recovery from a recession takes longer if the cause was a crash in housing and financial markets. But this historical pattern is more a statement about the magnitude of the initial decline and the time needed to recover fully than a prediction about the annual rate of growth during the recovery phase.

The revolt made little progress in the years of the Great Moderation of the 2000s, but was revived following the 2008 crisis. Two important links with the earlier network are US economist James Galbraith, the son of John Kenneth Galbraith, and British economist Ha Joon Chang, author of the best selling 23 Things They Don t Tell You about Capitalism.

MILAN In a recent set of studies, Carmen Reinhart and Kenneth Rogoff used a vast array of historical data to show that the accumulation of high levels of public (and private) debt relative to GDP has an extended negative effect on growth. The size of the effect incited debate about errors in their calculations.

The only way to learn what is required for industrial growth, for example, is to have industry. And that may require either ensuring that one s exchange rate is competitive or that certain industries have privileged access to credit as a number of East Asian countries did as part of their remarkably successful development strategies.

As Carmen Reinhart and Kenneth Rogoff tell it in their masterly book This Time is Different, there is no secure way of short circuiting a deep banking crisis. The crisis originates with excessive debt accumulation, which makes economies vulnerable to crises of confidence.

As Carmen Reinhart and Kenneth Rogoff argue, recoveries from crises that result from over leveraged balance sheets are slow and typically resistant to traditional macroeconomic stimulus. Over levered households cannot spend, over levered banks cannot lend, and over levered governments cannot stimulate.

Rogoff argues that while, in hindsight, the government should have borrowed more, at the time there was a real danger that Britain would go the way of Greece. So Chancellor of the Exchequer George Osborne turns out, on this view, to be a hero of global finance.

According to simple economic models, when the money market is in full prosperity equilibrium, the debt market is too. But in the real world, it might have been more effective for governments to buy back risky debts and induce lenders to write off losses.

CANBERRA The brouhaha over Carmen Reinhart s and Kenneth Rogoff s article Growth in a Time of Debt may be the most conspicuous and incendiary scholarly controversy since 1974, when two earlier economists, Robert Fogel and Stanley Engerman, published a notorious book, Time on the Cross, defending the efficiency of American plantation slavery.

Yet the dollar, a symbol of American financial power, has surged rather than declined. As Kenneth Rogoff, a Harvard professor and former chief economist of the IMF notes, It is ironic, given that we just messed up big time, that the response of foreigners is to pour more money into us.

But the risk sharing inherent to Islamic finance made such instruments more resistant to the first round of financial contagion that hit in 2008. Leading economists, such as Harvard University s Kenneth Rogoff, have suggested that Islamic finance demonstrates the advantages of more equity and risk sharing over the conventional bias in favor of debt instruments.