Cf. Uniform Electronic Transactions Act of the United States of America Uniform Electronic Commerce Act of Canada European Directive 2000 31 EC articles 1108 1, 1316 1 et seq. of the Civil Code of France.

For instance, under article 1(7) of EU Directive 2004 18 EC, electronic auction is defined as a repetitive process involving an electronic device for presentation of new prices and or new values.

At its seventh session, the Working Group considered whether a definition of the term electronic or of electronic means should be included in article 2 of the Model Law, perhaps based on the definitions found in the European Union procurement directives of 31 March 2004 (Directive 2004 17 EC and Directive 2004 18 EC) (A CN.9 575 (para.

Article 54(7) of Directive 2004 18 EC.

EC 55 SC CRP.13, 7 June 2005.

See article 54(8) of EU Directive 2004 18 EC.

(b) Notes with interest the revised proposal submitted by the High Commissioner for the post in question (EC 55 SC CRP.24), the revised terms of reference (EC 55 SC CRP.24, annex II) and the revised organigramme, including structural changes (EC 55 SC CRP.24 Corr.1)

EC (2002c). Recommendation on statutory auditors' independence in the EU. European Commission. May.

Directive on minimum transparency requirements for listed companies. European Commission. December.

Inadequate supply of care services.

See article 54(3) of EU Directive 2004 18 EC.

See, e.g., article 54(4) of EU Directive 2004 18 EC.

E.g., under article 43 of EU Directive 2004 18 EC.

Article 54(4 and 5) of EU Directive 2004 18 EC.

c. Electronic mail means any text, voice, sound or image message sent over a public communications network which can be stored in the network or in the recipient's terminal equipment until it is collected by the recipient (EU Directive 2002 58 EC).

See article 1, para. 13, of the EU Directive 2004 18 EC.

Directive 2000 31 EC of the European Union on electronic commerce ( the European Union Directive ), on the other hand, allowed the parties to prove the essence of the signature without abstractly proving the reliability of the technology.

Directives 2004 17 EC and 2004 18 EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 31 March 2004 (Official Journal of the European Union, No.

The Working Group also decided to continue at a future session its deliberations on definitions of the terms writing and electronic means of communication , perhaps based on the definitions of these notions in the European Union procurement directives of 31 March 2004 (Directives 2004 17 EC and 2004 18 EC), and on whether such definitions should be included in the Model Law (A CN.9 575. para. 23).

Comparative Study of Corporate Governance Codes to the European Union and Member States. European Commission, Internal Market Directorate General.

Reference was also made to paragraph 5 of A CN.9 WG.I WP.38 Add.1, in which the latter phrase was used, and it was also noted that similar wording appeared in the European Union procurement directives 2004 17 EC and 2004 18 EC.

According to the Council Regulation (EC) No 1334 2000 an intangible transfer is considered as export.

See Council directive 2004 83 EC, Official Journal of the European Union L 304, 30 September 2004, p.12.

See articles 39(3), 46, 55 and 58(1)(b) of the EC Treaty and Directive 2004 38 EC.

See Strategic Plan on HIV and AIDS for 2005 2007, EC 55 SC CRP. 8, 16 February 2005.

Purchase Contract Awards Act 2002 of Austria, para. 118.3 and article 54(6) of EU Directive 2004 18 EC.

Furthermore, paragraph 58 of the preamble to Directive 2000 31 EC of the European Union on electronic commerce stated that the Directive should not apply to services supplied by service providers established in a third country and that, in view of the global dimension of electronic commerce, it was appropriate to ensure that Community rules were consistent with international rules.

See Report on the High Commissioner's Five Commitments to Refugee Women, EC 55 SC CRP.17, 7 June 2005.

See, for instance, article 44 of EU Directive 2004 18 EC or para. 116.7 of the Purchase Contract Awards Act 2002 of Austria.

Directive 2002 73 EC amending Council Directive 76 207 EEC and which contains a new definition of indirect discrimination, harassment as a form of discrimination (Articles 4 and 5) Council Directive 97 80 EC on the burden of proof in cases of discrimination based on sex (Article 6).

Some provisions of the draft convention could prove difficult to reconcile provisions of Directive 2000 31 EC

EC (2002b). Report of the High Level Group of Company Law Experts on a Modern Regulatory Framework for Company Law in Europe, (a.k.a. The Winter Group Report ). European Commission. November.

It has been amended by Council Regulation (EC) No 1504 2004, containing an updated list of controlled items.

See Kennedy Loest C. and Kelly R., EC competition law rules and electronic reverse auctions a case for concern? , 2003, 12 Public Procurement Law Review, No. 1, p. 29.

See Kennedy Loest C. and Kelly R., EC competition law rules and electronic reverse auctions a case for concern? , 2003, 12 Public Procurement Law Review, No. 1, pp. 28 30.

The Bureau of the Commission approved the terms of references of the United Nations Committee on 18 November 2005 (see also document E CN.3 2006 9).

Subsequently, the Council adopted on 31 January 2005 Council regulation (EC) No. 174 2005, implementing the above mentioned common position.

See Arrowsmith S., Electronic reverse auctions under the EC public procurement rules current possibilities and future prospects, 11 Public Procurement Law Review, No. 6, 2002, pp. 299 330 (originally prepared for Achilles Information Ltd.).

Draft paragraph 4, which drew inspiration from a notion contained in the preamble to Directive 2000 31 EC of the European Union on electronic commerce, stipulated that the location of a server or an information system was not of itself constitutive of a place of business but had to be supplemented by other material and substantive factors.

The European Commission, as custodian of the Treaty establishing the European Community and the Community rules derived therefrom, was required to ensure compatibility between the draft convention and Community rules, in particular Directive 2000 31 EC on electronic commerce.

Presidential Decree 87 2002 incorporated into Greek Law Directives 86 378 EEC and 96 97 EC for the implementation of equal treatment of men and women in systems of occupational social security.

This new provision implements EC directive 97 80 EC regarding the burden of proof in cases of sex discrimination in Dutch legislation.

Directive 2001 17 EC on reorganization and winding up of insurance undertakings is also an integral part of the Financial Services Action Plan (FSAP).

Related materials are controlled by Council Regulation (EC) No 1334 2000 setting up a Community regime for the control of exports of dual use items and technology concerning the export.

See, e.g., the Purchase Contract Awards Act 2002 of Austria, paras. 117.2 and 118.3 article 54(6) of EU Directive 2004 18 EC and article 79(3) of the Public Procurement Law of Poland.