When called with an integer argument these functions behave exactly like their C counterparts from ctype.h.

The following directory and file functions should be used in Zend modules. They behave exactly like their C counterparts, but provide virtual working directory support on the thread level.

In addition to the macros discussed earlier, a few macros allow easy creation of simple global variables. These are nice to know in case you want to introduce global flags, for example. This is somewhat bad practice, but Table 桶跡 33 5 describes macros that do exactly this task. They don't need any zval allocation you simply have to supply a variable name and value.

This module contains an interface to the GNU Recode library, version 3.5. The GNU Recode library converts files between various coded character sets and surface encodings. When this cannot be achieved exactly, it may get rid of the offending characters or fall back on approximations. The library recognises or produces nearly 150 different character sets and is able to convert files between almost any pair. Most RFC 1345 character sets are supported.