persistent is a flag the controls whether the stream is opened as a persistent stream. Generally speaking, this parameter will usually be 0.

When using PHP within an web environment, turning this option on has serious performance implications and is generally recommended for debugging purposes only. This value defaults to TRUE when operating under the CLI SAPI.

17 See generally the reports of the Representative of the Secretary General on internally displaced persons (E CN.4 2004 77), and his successor, the Representative of the Secretary General on the human rights of internally displaced persons (E CN.4 2005 84).

Silja Vöneky, The Applicability of Peacetime Environmental Law in International Armed Conflicts 193 211 (dealing with effect of armed conflict on treaties generally), 312 545 (dealing specifically with the effect of armed conflict on environmental treaties), 546 579 (extensive bibliography) and 543 546 (English summary) (Springer 2001).

Besides these, you benefit from logging queries either within your script or by the database itself, if it supports. Obviously, the logging is unable to prevent any harmful attempt, but it can be helpful to trace back which application has been circumvented. The log is not useful by itself, but through the information it contains. The more detail is generally better.

The default is to build PHP as a CGI program. This creates a commandline interpreter, which can be used for CGI processing, or for non web related PHP scripting. If you are running a web server PHP has module support for, you should generally go for that solution for performance reasons. However, the CGI version enables Apache users to run different PHP enabled pages under different user ids. Please make sure you read through the Security chapter if you are going to run PHP as a CGI.