Correlation does not imply causation.

The Award dealt with issues of liability, leaving issues of causation and quantum to be decided at later time.

There is no causation required between the misstatement and the liability for delay, loss or damage to the goods.

The Panel finds that both claims fail because the claimants failed to prove the essential legal requirements of ownership, loss or causation.

The Panel finds that each of these claims fails because the claimants failed to prove the essential legal requirements of ownership, loss or causation.

We found that we could discover the causation of the positive states, the relationship between left hemispheric activity and right hemispheric activity as a cause of happiness.

However, the Panel finds that submission of the banknotes alone is insufficient to prove the loss, as the Panel also requires credible evidence of loss and causation.

The draft principle needed to consider ways of lessening the duty of the victim to establish causation by, for example, shifting the burden of proof or lowering it.

In the view of the Panel, this is not an appropriate test of direct causation within the meaning of Security Council resolution 687 (1991) or Governing Council decision 7.

In 75 per cent of the D1 (departure) claims and 35 per cent of the D1 (MPA) claims, claimants failed to prove the essential legal requirements of ownership, loss or causation.

The Panel finds that each of these losses fails, as claimants have either failed to clearly describe a loss or to prove the essential legal requirements of ownership, loss or causation.

Or do they possess the dominion of the heavens and the earth and of all that is in between them? If so, let them ascend the heights of the realm of causation and see!

Or do they possess the dominion of the heavens and the earth and of all that is in between them? If so, let them ascend the heights of the realm of causation and see!

There is no calamity that befalls the earth or your own selves but in accordance with the law (of causation) before We make it evident. This is indeed how the law of God works inevitably.

There is no calamity that befalls the earth or your own selves but in accordance with the law (of causation) before We make it evident. This is indeed how the law of God works inevitably.

It was also noted in respect of pure economic loss, which according to the commentary is covered under paragraph (a)(iii), that loss or damage by impairment to the environment raised delicate issues of causation.

Even when we focus on a simple physical trait like height, natural selection in humans turns out to be a multifaceted and nuanced process. Similar studies on human behavior and psychology, where causation is more complex, remain beyond our grasp.

Then there is the fact that correlation is not causation. In the case of Reinhart and Rogoff, the observation that highly indebted countries grow more slowly, even if true, does not tell us anything about whether high debt causes slow growth or vice versa.

Taking into account the evidentiary and causation requirements that must be met by claimants in category D , and considering the legal principles that must be respected in the verification and valuation of compensable losses, a case by case assessment of each claim is required.

To be sure, in the laboratory, scientists use animals in controlled experimental conditions to investigate the workings of toxic agents. But, like epidemiological evidence, laboratory studies have many uncertainties, and scientists must extrapolate from study specific evidence to make judgments about causation and recommend protective measures.

It seems to be based on a fixed set of concepts, which govern dozens of constructions and thousands of verbs not only in English, but in all other languages fundamental concepts such as space, time, causation and human intention, such as, what is the means and what is the ends?

This duality in causation speaks to a world that will become more heterogeneous in 2013 and in at least two ways it will lack unifying political themes, and it will be subject to multi speed growth and financial dynamics that imply a range of possible scenarios for multilateral policy interactions.

Setiap negara bisa menguatkan keamanan energinya dengan berinvestasi pada kapasitas industrial yang diperlukan untuk membuat turbin angin, sel surya fotovoltaik, dan sumber sumber energi terbarukan lainnya semaksimal mungkin. Ketika Tiongkok dan India mengerahkan economic weight mereka ke dalam revolusi energi terbarukan, keduanya memicu reaksi berantai global yang dikenal dengan circular and cumulative causation.

While the claimants in this instalment claimed for D2 and D3 losses more frequently than claimants in the regular category D claims programme and asserted higher claimed amounts, 103 of the 117 claims are not recommended for compensation as the claimants failed to prove the essential requirements of ownership, loss or causation.

Contrary to conventional wisdom, globalization is not homogenizing and Americanizing the cultures of the world. Although the United States is at the forefront of the current information revolution, which is creating many similarities in social and cultural habits (such as television viewing or Internet use) that are attributed to Americanization, correlation is not causation.

Another finding in the SAGhE study arouses skepticism about a cause and effect relationship between the drug and the increased death rate the mortality came from causes that are mechanistically and physiologically quite different mainly bone cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and cerebrovascular events. A more narrow, unimodal manifestation of toxicity would be more persuasive in establishing causation.

The positive correlation between income and democracy that one sees across countries could be due to reverse causation democracy is more likely to persist as a country grows richer. It could also be due to special historical or cultural circumstances some societies are just more successful than others, both in terms of economic development and with regard to their ability to develop and maintain democratic political institutions.

Beyond these questions, a theory of justice can draw substantially on the insights and analytical results emerging from social choice theory (as I discussed in my 2009 book The Idea of Justice). Furthermore, the understanding generated by social choice theorists study of group decisions has helped some research that is not directly a part of social choice theory for example, on the forms and consequences of gender inequality, or on the causation and prevention of famines.