We extrapolate backwards and say the galaxy is up here.

If we extrapolate back, we find we must have all been on top of each other about 15 billion years ago.

The question was how to extrapolate a general framework for regulation that incorporated a minimum universal set of standards from all the regional perspectives.

(c) By taking common indicators for both larger and smaller observation scales and by combining them, it will be possible to extrapolate to larger areas.

On the basis of this information it is easy to extrapolate that the cost for cleaning the coastlines of Europe or even the world would be enormous.

And from that, the on board micro controllers can extrapolate the position of the ring at all points around the revolution and display arbitrary bitmap images and animations.

If numbers can express the laws of this incredible universe that we live, I reason, through some sort of reverse engineering, we could extrapolate from them some basic structural element of this universe.

You select one set of cells to perform one sort of behavior, another neuromodulator, another set of cells, a different pattern, and you can imagine you could extrapolate to a very, very complicated system.

We were less interested in whether students can simply reproduce what they have learned in school, but we wanted to test whether they can extrapolate from what they know and apply their knowledge in novel situations.

(a) National annual prices and diagnostic variables based on at least two data collections are required except where a single collection (e.g. housing) is suitable. Collection can be limited to major cities if data are available to extrapolate prices to national levels

Stocks are risky, depressions can happen, and it is dangerous to extrapolate the past to the future. If prices rise simply because investors decide that there is no longer any risk, then prices will collapse all the more precipitously if investors collectively change their minds.

But, even as economists and strategists busily extrapolate China s future growth path to predict when it will catch up to the United States, the mood inside China became somber and subdued in 2010. Indeed, Premier Wen Jiabao sees China s growth as unstable, unbalanced, uncoordinated, and ultimately unsustainable.

To be sure, in the laboratory, scientists use animals in controlled experimental conditions to investigate the workings of toxic agents. But, like epidemiological evidence, laboratory studies have many uncertainties, and scientists must extrapolate from study specific evidence to make judgments about causation and recommend protective measures.

The FFM did not extrapolate population figures from that which it observed in part of a district to estimate a figure for the entire district and it did not accept individuals' statements (for example, those of a village elder) as reliable until it could corroborate them.

With the world economy growing at 4 5 per year, it will be on a path to double in size in less than 20 years. Today s 70 trillion world economy will be at 140 trillion before 2030, and 280 trillion before 2050 if we extrapolate from today s growth rate.

But there is also a higher risk of disaster, owing to a seemingly inborn human tendency to extrapolate past returns. Investors could create a stock market bubble, encouraging even more naïve investors to concentrate their personal retirement accounts in the stock market and leaving them dangerously exposed when it crashes.

For example, PISA assessments have revealed that, while Japanese students excel at reproducing what they have learned, they often struggle when asked to extrapolate from that knowledge and apply it creatively. The effort that this has inspired to create more innovative learning environments was apparent last April, during a visit to the Tohoku schools destroyed by the 2011 tsunami.

To get a good picture of banks financial health, estimating the value of their toxic assets is unavoidable. Regulators could encourage each bank to sell part of its toxic portfolio and extrapolate the portfolio s value from the price obtained in such a sale, or they could attempt to estimate the portfolio s value as well as they can on their own.

With ever more powerful processors, silicon chess players developed the ability to calculate so far ahead that the distinction between short term tactical calculations and long term strategic planning became blurred. At the same time, computer programs began to exploit huge databases of games between grandmaster (the highest title in chess), using results from the human games to extrapolate what moves have the highest chances of success.

We are trying to extrapolate the past experience of a small fraction of the world population that we have chosen to examine because they made a lot of money. Of course, if one looks at many different investment strategies and many different countries, one can find something that performed spectacularly in the past, even if there is no strategy that can be expected to do so well in the future.