No reprocessing or export of spent fuel has ever taken place.

The spread of enrichment and reprocessing technology poses a particularly dangerous risk.

As President Bush has proposed, tighter controls should be adopted on enrichment and reprocessing technologies.

Among other things, it must ratify the additional protocol and suspend all enrichment and reprocessing activities.

Specific concern was expressed about both the environmental and proliferation risks of plutonium reprocessing and nuclear materials shipments.

They focus on processing, reprocessing, archiving, maintaining, and distributing existing data sets to make them more useful to researchers.

One of the most important events was the building of a Vector production complex for waste storage and reprocessing.

In the Paris Agreement Iran subscribed to a total suspension of all activities connected with enrichment and all reprocessing activities.

It urged Iran to comply fully with all non proliferation commitments within the IAEA framework and to suspend voluntarily all enrichment and reprocessing.

Nuclear enrichment and reprocessing technologies are once again the subject of particular attention from the international community because of their dual use nature.

Pyongyang violated its obligations under the Nuclear Non Proliferation Treaty by secretly reprocessing enough plutonium to produce two nuclear weapons in the early 1990 s. After it withdrew from a restraining agreement negotiated by the Clinton administration in 1994, it expelled International Atomic Energy Agency inspectors and began reprocessing spent fuel that could produce another six bombs worth of plutonium.

Nuclear enrichment and reprocessing technologies are once again the subject of particular attention from the international community because of their dual use nature (civilian and military).

Japan recognizes the importance of the fact that the Islamic Republic of Iran has voluntarily continued and extended its suspension of all uranium enrichment related and reprocessing activities.

The Islamic Republic of Iran had signed the additional protocol in December 2003 and had undertaken to suspend its enrichment and reprocessing activities as a confidence building measure.

Clearly, too, I would hope, in the next year or so, to make some progress with regard to establishing better control over the sensitive parts of the fuel cycle, namely, enrichment and reprocessing activities.

We also welcome the report's call for universal adoption of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Model Additional Protocol and its enrichment and reprocessing programmes because of the proliferation dangers posed by such weapons.

It considered that although significant progress had been made in terms of nuclear safety, the issues of the reprocessing and disposal of nuclear fuel and the dismantling of nuclear plants were far from resolved.

An example of our policy is our joint project with the United States on the safe transportation of fresh highly enriched fuel of the BN 350 reactor and its reprocessing into low grade nuclear material.

The participation of the largest possible number of States is vital first and foremost the nuclear Powers, but also countries which possess the potential to produce nuclear explosive devices and have uranium enrichment and spent fuel reprocessing facilities.

Political constraints and monopolies in the area of fuel supply and reprocessing prevents developing countries from enjoying their inalienable right to peaceful uses of nuclear energy and risk the continuous and secure operation of their nuclear power plants.

(f) Request also that a clause prohibiting the use of transferred items in the event of a withdrawal be included in intergovernmental agreements defining the modalities for transfers of sensitive nuclear goods (enrichment, reprocessing) or for large scale transfers

Such a framework could include enhanced controls on supply of sensitive technology, strengthened verification and detection in States with such technologies, and internationally guaranteed measures to ensure reliable access to fuel for civil reactors by States that forgo enrichment and reprocessing.

When a tree's done using its leaves its solar collectors, these amazing molecular photon capturing devices at the end of a season, it doesn't pack them up, take them to the leaf reprocessing center and have them melted down to form new leaves.

But this can only be a first step. It should be followed by an agreement that all new enrichment and reprocessing activities will be placed exclusively under multinational control, and that all existing such facilities will be converted from national to multinational control.

The Conference understands that urgent measures are needed to curtail the spread of enrichment and reprocessing facilities, which are known to have been sought secretly by four NPT parties to date, in pursuit of nuclear weapons and in violation of the Treaty.

While some States Parties to the NPT with fuel cycle capabilities under IAEA full scope safeguards have been under extensive pressure and restrictions, non parties to the Treaty with unsafeguarded plutonium reprocessing facilities have free access to any nuclear technology and know how.

The Conference affirms the need to assure a reliable supply of nuclear fuel at reasonable cost to NPT parties that are in compliance with the Treaty and their safeguards obligations, which possess civil nuclear power reactors, and that do not pursue enrichment and reprocessing capabilities.

Lastly, there should be better controls over operations involving uranium enrichment, plutonium reprocessing and the disposal of spent fuel and nuclear waste they were a veritable Achilles heel of the current non proliferation regime, and should be concentrated in a limited number of regional centres.

Despite their hawkish approach to North Korea s nuclear threats, South Korean officials know that uranium enrichment and spent fuel reprocessing remains only a distant possibility. As a result, they are approaching negotiations skeptically, rather than emphasizing the sense of mutual obligation that should characterize the alliance.

One of the alternatives that the report analyses as an incentive for a State to forego the development of its own activities related to the complete nuclear fuel cycle, particularly as concerns enrichment and reprocessing, is to provide assurances of the supply of nuclear fuel based on various options.

Hungary was following with interest the ongoing discussion on new multilateral approaches to sensitive aspects of the nuclear fuel cycle, and commended the Director General of IAEA for highlighting the need to discuss the dual uses of certain technologies, such as those related to uranium enrichment and reprocessing.

The Secretary General's High Level Panel on Threats, Challenges and Change had urged negotiations without delay on an arrangement, under the IAEA Statute, for the Agency to serve as a guarantor of two fuel cycle related services the supply of fissile material for fuel and the reprocessing of spent fuel.

Mistakes are not limited to reactor sites. Accidents at the Savannah River reprocessing plant released ten times as much radio iodine as the accident at Three Mile Island, and a fire at the Gulf United facility in New York in 1972 scattered an undisclosed amount of plutonium, forcing the plant to shut down permanently.

On 24 September, the Board of Governors of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) adopted a resolution finding Iran in non compliance with the IAEA Safeguards Agreement, and urged it to further cooperate with the IAEA, as well as to re establish the suspension of its uranium enrichment related and reprocessing activities.

Japan strongly urges Iran to respond to the resolution by sincerely implementing the requirements of all relevant IAEA resolutions, including the suspension of all its uranium enrichment related and reprocessing activities without exception, including uranium conversion activities, and calls on Iran to return to the negotiation process with the three European Union parties.

Its members agreed that there could be nightmare scenarios that combine the two and might require the preventive use of force. They urge strengthening the non proliferation regime through more intrusive inspections, and negotiation of arrangements for internationally guaranteed access to nuclear enrichment and reprocessing services, rather than allowing countries to construct them for themselves.

He urged the Islamic Republic of Iran to suspend its enrichment and reprocessing programmes indefinitely, within the framework of the agreement it had signed in Paris several months earlier, and to comply with the expanded verification regime established by IAEA, which provided a promising basis for the objective guarantees sought by the international community.

Foci of the program include data base development (rescue, digitization, and assembly of high priority data sets) data access and archive management, which provide the means to make the data sets available to scientists and Pathfinder, which is developing community consensus algorithms for the reprocessing and dissemination of large volume, multidecadal, global scale, operational satellite data sets.

In addition, a number of countries with nuclear energy programs have the capability, if they choose, to manufacture nuclear weapons within a matter of months if their security perceptions change, because they have mastered the critical technology uranium enrichment and plutonium reprocessing. If more countries take this path, it could prove to be the Achilles heel of non proliferation.

More than two decades ago, the International Atomic Energy Agency caught North Korea violating its safeguards agreement and reprocessing plutonium. After the North renounced the subsequent Agreed Framework, negotiated by President Bill Clinton s administration, in 2003, it expelled IAEA inspectors, withdrew from the Nuclear Non Proliferation Treaty, and has since detonated three nuclear devices and conducted a variety of missile tests.

My proposal is to create a physical stockpile of LEU at the disposal of the IAEA as a last resort reserve for countries with nuclear power programs that face a supply disruption for non commercial reasons. This would give countries confidence that they can count on reliable supplies of fuel to run their nuclear power plants, and therefore do not need to develop their own uranium enrichment or plutonium reprocessing capability.

At the Mayak Industrial Reprocessing Complex in Russia s southern Urals, a storage tank holding nitrate acetate salts exploded in 1957, releasing a massive amount of radioactive material over 20,000 square kilometers, forcing the evacuation of 272,000 people. In September 1994, an explosion at Indonesia s Serpong research reactor was triggered by the ignition of methane gas that had seeped from a storage room and exploded when a worker lit a cigarette.