Paracetamol use both in the first year of life and in children aged 6 7 was also associated with an increased risk of symptoms of rhinitis and eczema. This suggests that the potential effect of paracetamol is not restricted to the airways and may affect a number of organ systems.

For example, animal studies may provide useful information in terms of clinical signs of toxicity (dyspnoea, rhinitis etc) and histopathology (e.g. hyperemia, edema, minimal inflammation, thickened mucous layer) which are reversible and may be reflective of the characteristic clinical symptoms described above. Such animal studies can be used as part of weight of evidence evaluation