Perhaps the most promising reform is corporate tax reduction, which will help Japan boost both foreign and domestic investment. By spurring increased business activity, it will actually increase Japan s corporate tax revenue.

Tax revenue

Instead of cutting proven tax incentives for business investment, the US should offset at least some of the revenue losses from a lower corporate tax rate by raising tax rates on corporate shareholders. Most countries that reduced their corporate tax rates have followed this path, while the US has done the opposite.

These revenue losses could be offset by curtailing so called corporate tax expenditures deductions, credits, and other special tax provisions that subsidize some economic activities while penalizing others and broadening the corporate tax base. Both President Barack Obama s plan for business tax reform and the Simpson Bowles deficit reduction plan propose reducing such expenditures to pay for a reduction in the corporate tax rate.

The Corporate Tax Conundrum

Corporate and income tax

What Corporate Tax for Europe?

At the same time, the effective corporate tax rate in Japan is higher than it is elsewhere, making it difficult for Japan to attract investment, foreign or domestic. In order to survive international tax competition and thus be able to rely on corporate taxes as a source of revenue Japan s corporate tax rate should be lowered in the long run.

Half of tax revenue is collected with a value added tax, which is essentially a tax on consumption. Although there is a tax on corporate income, it is integrated with personal taxes in a way that reduces its adverse effect on investment and production.

Head of Tax Treaty Negotiations, Inland Revenue.

For these reasons, Obama is championing a revenue neutral reform that would leave corporate tax revenues unchanged, with the proposed rate cut financed by limiting deductions, credits, and loopholes, which would broaden the tax base.

Eliminating special interest loopholes, like tax breaks for oil and gas, or for corporate jets, would not yield enough revenue to pay for a meaningful rate cut. And curtailing accelerated depreciation, the manufacturing production deduction, and the R amp D tax credit which account for about 80 of corporate tax expenditures would involve significant tradeoffs.

Eliminating special interest loopholes, like tax breaks for oil and gas, or for corporate jets, would not yield enough revenue to pay for a meaningful rate cut. And curtailing accelerated depreciation, the manufacturing production deduction, and the R D tax credit which account for about 80 of corporate tax expenditures would involve significant tradeoffs.

Similarly, a modest carbon tax or value added tax, with credits or subsidies to offset the regressive effects on low income households, could generate enough revenue both to pay for a significant reduction in the corporate tax rate and to make a meaningful contribution to deficit reduction.

Freeport also supplies over half the revenue tax for Jakarta.

So the key to raising revenue is to reduce tax expenditures, use some of the resulting revenue to reduce tax rates, and devote the rest to reducing future deficits. Opponents of tax increases should see that, because such revenue raising is really cutting government spending, it does not imply the adverse incentive effects of raising marginal tax rates.

It reduces tax revenue and thus the resources available for public services .

The fact that a large share of business income is currently taxed as personal income makes it difficult to separate corporate tax reform from personal tax reform, as Obama and members of Congress would prefer to do. Moreover, keeping the two areas of reform separate rules out the approach adopted by several other developed countries, which have offset some of the revenue losses from cutting corporate tax rates by increasing taxes on corporate equity income at the personal shareholder level.

Major revenue areas import duties, accommodation tax and embarkation tax grew by 16.5, 65.1 and 15.2 per cent, respectively.10

Indeed, the International Monetary Fund recently reported that developing countries lose three times more of their corporate tax revenue to BEPS activities than their developed counterparts. According to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, such activities by multinationals which represent one third of the potential corporate tax base in developing countries result in annual losses of 100 billion.

In 1999, when Laar became Prime Minister again, he abolished the tax on corporate profit, which was harming entrepreneurship. As a consequence of the ensuing tax competition, corporate tax rates have fallen to 15 25 in most European countries.

The tax reduction should balance the financial revenue and the affordability of industrial development.

In recognition of this special status, cooperatives are exempted from paying corporate tax.

In Europe s highly taxed economies, better tax compliance or selective revenue measures can produce only a small amount of additional tax revenue without undermining growth. Spending cuts are the only way to improve the budget position significantly.

According to WTO, in the mid 1990s, tariff revenue accounted for over 30 per cent of general tax revenue in more than 25 developing countries.

By contrast, Romney would reduce America s corporate tax rate (the highest in the OECD) to 25 and tax American multinationals on a territorial, rather than a worldwide, basis in order to increase their tax competitiveness. He would also lower personal tax rates by 20 , and make up lost revenue by limiting tax deductions and credits, particularly at the upper end, thereby raising about 18.5 of GDP, just above the historical average, at full employment.

An increase in the corporate tax rate appeals to many US voters who believe that corporations are not paying their fair share of taxes and are worried about widening income inequality. But, in a world of mobile capital, raising the corporate tax rate or simply leaving it at its current level would be a bad way to generate revenue, a bad way to increase the tax system s progressivity, and a bad way to help American workers.

The US now has the highest corporate tax rate of these countries. Even after incorporating various deductions, credits, and other tax reducing provisions, the effective average and marginal corporate tax rates in the US what corporations actually pay are higher than the OECD average.

That had been accomplished by widening the tax base, improving administration efficiency, reducing corporate income tax, introducing a personal income tax of 10 per cent and keeping value added tax at 10 per cent.

A 15 tax would raise 300 billion. The choice of tax rate would be part of the negotiation over how far to reduce the overall US corporate tax rate.

Chief Budget Analyst and Head of Tax Policy Revenue Unit, Ministry of Finance and National Planning.

Lastly, developing country jurisdictions that currently relied upon bank secrecy and tax free treatment for revenue should be assisted in their transitions to other revenue producing activities.

None of the major petroleum and rice importers paid corporate tax for the current year.

(a) As tariff barriers decline, it is important to find other revenue sources in place of falling trade tax revenue since, in several African countries, such revenue remains a significant part of total revenue. During the transition to non trade sources of revenue, aid flows, aimed at replacing revenue shortfalls from trade liberalization, could be very useful

And, while raising so much revenue with so low a tax rate sounds grand, the declining volume of trades would shrink the tax base precipitously. As a result, the ultimate revenue gains are likely to prove disappointing, as Sweden discovered when it attempted to tax financial transactions two decades ago.

But he is also proposing a significant cut in the corporate tax rate. To many, this approach seems inconsistent Shouldn t the corporate tax rate be raised, not lowered, so that corporations contribute their fair share to deficit reduction?

It's not pulling in as much tax revenue as it once was, but it's serving its community.

The Treasury Office underwent drastic improvements in revenue collections, especially at the Customs Office and Tax Division.

28. There will also be a delay in tax revenue recovery owing to changes in product composition.

Finally, Abe s government must reduce the corporate tax rate to align it more closely with international standards. Amid increasingly intense international competition to attract foreign investment, reducing the corporate tax would actually increase Japan s tax revenues, by spurring companies to invest their vast cash stockpiles in more productive activities.

Instead, he suggests reforming the third by tightening allowances for accelerated depreciation (as several other developed countries have done) in order to offset some of the revenue losses. But reducing the overall corporate rate would increase after tax returns on past investments, while limiting accelerated depreciation would lower after tax returns on new investments.

The Liberian International Ship and Corporate Registry is a major source of revenue for the National Transitional Government of Liberia.

Corporate tax reform also offers a good opportunity for bipartisan agreement, especially given that Obama and congressional leaders of both parties have expressed interest. While gains from fundamental tax reform say, replacing the current tax system with a broad based consumption tax are large, on the order of 0.5 1 percentage point per year of economic growth for a decade, corporate tax reform would also boost growth.

Indeed, cutting these items to pay for a reduction in the corporate tax rate could end up increasing the tax on corporate economic activity in the US. Eliminating accelerated depreciation for equipment would raise the effective tax rate on new investments repealing the domestic production deduction would increase the effective tax rate on US manufacturing and rescinding the R D tax credit would reduce investment in innovation.

On the revenue side, reform should rescind all links between national treasuries and the EU budget, so that the cost of Europe is made directly visible to the Union s citizens. National tax systems should dedicate to Europe the revenue from one particular tax.