And this is how it works Patent holders, inventors that develop new medicines patent those inventions, but make those patents available to the Medicines Patent Pool. The Medicines Patent Pool then license those out to whoever needs access to those patents.

The patents on those drugs were held by a number of Western pharmaceutical companies that were not necessarily willing to make those patents available.

The Medicines Patent Pool is a voluntary mechanism.

The company, Gilead, that holds the patents, has licensed the intellectual property to the Medicines Patent Pool.

It isn't only the number of drugs that are patented.

That is something that the Medicines Patent Pool cannot do.

Ellen 't Hoen Pool medical patents, save lives

In 2010, UNITAID established the Medicines Patent Pool for HIV.

Nelson is a member of the expert advisory group of the Medicines Patent Pool, and he told me not so long ago, Ellen, we rely in Kenya and in many other countries on the Medicines Patent Pool to make sure that new medicines also become available to us, that new medicines, without delay, become available to us.

Utilizing expertise to improve the quality and impact of the Programme

Those obstacles take the form of patents that grant quasi monopolistic powers to the pharmaceutical companies that produce those medicines.

And Tamiflu. You've probably heard of this drug, made by Hoffmann La Roche, patented drug.

This works out fine in the cases of minor ailments treatable with ordinary medicines such as pain killers and generic antibiotics etc.

India represents only about 1 2 of the global pharmaceutical market. But it has long been a flashpoint in battles over expansion of pharmaceutical companies global IP rights, owing to its dynamic generics industry and its willingness to challenge patent provisions both domestically and in foreign jurisdictions.

14. Expert in Drug Abuse L4

Recalling the report of the group of experts on the problem of ammunition and explosives,

Taking note of the report of the Group of Experts on ammunition and explosives,

Taking note of the report of the Group of Experts on the problem of ammunition and explosives,

They cannot justify developing new drugs unless they can expect to recoup their costs through sales.

If they target diseases that affect affluent people, or people living in countries with national health insurance, they will be able to patent any new drugs they discover. For the 20 years that the patent lasts, they will have a monopoly on the drug s sale and be able to command a high price.

OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY DEVOTED TO THE

This is a fascinating research from WHO that shows the effect of generic drugs on anti retroviral drug compounds and cocktails.

Today, all countries are obliged to provide patents for pharmaceuticals that last at least 20 years.

The generics came in, first in Brazil and elsewhere, and the effect was just dramatic on pricing.

Taking note of the report of the Group of Experts on the problem of ammunition and explosives,See A 54 155.

Notably, the Programme would be at the centre of a network of experts it would have its own internal expertise and would supplement this by tapping the considerable expertise that existed outside the Programme within Member States themselves.

The university specializes in the area of biopharmacy.

(b) How the Programme had used the available expertise to improve the quality and impact of the Programme.

Furthermore, it welcomes the work that is being undertaken by the group of experts on ammunition and explosives.

2. Group of Experts for the study on the problem of ammunition and explosives, second session General Assembly resolution 52 38 J

Establishing UNDCP as a centre of excellence

Developing sources of drug control expertise

It relies on the willingness of pharmaceutical companies to license their patents and make them available for others to use.

Similarly, equipment and expertise required for illicit production are widely disseminated.

(a) Programme s progress in developing its sources of drug control expertise

The fund would not replace existing patent laws, but would offer an alternative to them. Pharmaceutical companies could continue to patent and sell their products as they do now. Alternatively, they could register a new drug with the Heath Impact Fund, which would set a low price based on the drug s manufacturing cost.

Such agreements would, for example, limit opposition to patent applications prohibit national regulatory authorities from approving generic medicines until patents have expired maintain data exclusivity, thereby delaying the approval of biogeneric drugs and require new forms of protection, such as anti counterfeiting measures.

There seems to be competition even in the procurement of some specialized items such as drugs and pharmaceuticals.

Strengthening the Programme s internal expertise

1996 17. Special session of the General Assembly devoted to the combat against the illicit production, sale,

237. Group of Experts for the study on the problem of ammunition and explosives, third session General Assembly resolution 52 38 J

So you can imagine that if you are a generic company about to decide whether to invest in the development of this product, unless you know that the licenses to these patents are actually going to be available, you will probably choose to do something else.

To combat them, it suggests that developing countries be assisted in producing generic drugs for their domestic markets so as to ensure the wide availability and accessibility of such drugs (para.

(e) Strengthening pharmaceutical policies and practices, including those applicable to generic drugs and intellectual property regimes, in order to further promote innovation and the development of domestic industries consistent with international law

1996 17 Special session of the General 23 July 1996 V.A.8 160 Assembly devoted to the combat