An example of one agreement is provided in an annex.

Common regional competition rules

(c) Identifying common problems encountered in the competition law and policy area which might receive attention in regional and subregional seminars

For a commentary, see G. Lipimile, Allocation of competences between national and regional competition authorities, in UNCTAD, Trade And Competition Issues Experiences At Regional Level.

Establish or strengthen appropriate mechanisms at the regional and sub regional levels to promote exchange of information on anti competitive practices and on the application of national and regional laws and policies in this area, and to assist each other to their mutual advantage regarding control of anti competitive practices at the regional and sub regional levels.

Similarly, regional administration officials have visited the Office of Free Competition and regional provincial governments.

All of these three regional arrangements have a supranational character, as in the case of the EU (which provides for common regional competition rules to be enforced by both the EU Commission and national competition authorities).

See on this P. Brusick and J. Clarke, Operationalizing special and differential treatment in cooperation agreement on competition law and policy, in UNCTAD, Trade and Competition Issues Experiences at Regional Level.

A Competition Commission is established at the regional level to apply competition rules in respect of anti competitive cross border business conduct, promote competition in the Community and coordinate the implementation of the Community Competition Policy it is to collaborate on enforcement with national competition authorities.

To ensure fair competition in the area of distribution of other services, policies and rules at the international level may be helpful in guiding competition at the national and regional levels.

(e) Preparation and execution of national, regional and subregional projects on technical cooperation and training in the field of competition law and policy, taking special account of those countries or subregions which have not received such assistance so far, especially in the field of law drafting and staff training, and enforcement capacity

There is a proliferation of actors in the sector, and the industry is competitive on a regional basis.

A PRESENTATION OF TYPES OF COMMON PROVISIONS TO BE FOUND IN INTERNATIONAL, PARTICULARLY BILATERAL AND REGIONAL, COOPERATION AGREEMENTS ON COMPETITION POLICY AND THEIR APPLICATION

International cooperation in the area of competition law and policy was continually gaining ın importance.

Some RTAs provide for alignment by one party with the competition norms of the other party.

Use of natural gas is expanding, and competes in some areas with biomass and in others with coal.

They recognize that policy and regulation in member economies may have objectives other than promoting competition and that exemptions from and exceptions to a competition driven regulatory framework may be necessary.

Second, it was necessary to achieve greater regional coordination in the fields of taxation and incentives for FDI in order to prevent a race to the bottom and to expand production capacities in those countries through intraregional trade.

In such cases, it is possible that satisfactory competition at the national level may not be adequate to ensure normal competition at the regional level, because of excessive supply or transport costs, leading to a risk of domination in a regional market.

UNCTAD also prepared a draft agreement for regional competition policy for member States of the South African Customs Union (SACU).

12. The debate and discussion also raised questions about competition policy in the context of the regionalization and globalization of markets.

It strongly supported UNCTAD s role in the area of competition law and policy and its provision of technical assistance.

Study visits to the Swedish Competition Authority and to the United Kingdom and the participation of the Board s officials in several conferences in the field of competition law and policy were financed.

61. Estonia There is a need to strengthen the Competition Board and train its staff and judges in the field of competition legislation.

Geographical delimitation, measuring the degree of competition over a given area.

GLOBALIZATION, COMPETITION, COMPETITIVENESS AND DEVELOPMENT

General description The competitiveness surveys will help the Government, the private sector and knowledge institutions to diagnose and benchmark the competitive performances of their domestic industries at global, regional and sectoral levels.

Noting further the continuing adoption, application or reform of national competition laws and policies and the increase in relevant bilateral and regional agreements and in international cooperation in this area,

Such tax induced distortions would lead to an inefficient regional allocation of investment and possible tax competition.

30. Regional experiments with integration in Latin America and the Caribbean have been the response of our countries to the challenges of global competition.

His country therefore proposed to organize several African regional workshops to promote the adoption of competition laws and better enforcement in other African countries, as well as activities within the context of regional groups.

Baltic Rim Economic Forum June 1997 Competition Policy in the Context of Regional Integration attended by competition officials of Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and St. Petersburg

(a) A meeting on competition law and policy, as called for in the report of the Expert Meeting on Competition Law and Policy

programmes on competition law and policy

Also of particular relevance to the present report is the UNCTAD book entitled Trade And Competition Issues Experiences At Regional Level.

Meeting of Experts on Competition Law and Policy 13 15 November

Competition law and policy formulation in Malawi

Expert Meeting on Competition Law and Policy 24 26 November

The APEC training programme on competition policy, which also aims at supporting the implementation of those Principles especially focusing on competition policy, has contributed to the encouragement of competition culture and the effective enforcement of competition law in the region through exchange of views and information.

It is a free competition, but is it also fair?

It noted that the creation of a fully developed and efficient transport system in the Asian and Pacific region and the resulting reduction in transport costs would increase the competitiveness of the region and contribute to more balanced and sustainable development in the countries of the region.

In the area of regional cooperation, assistance was provided in the drafting of competition legislation for member States of COMESA and for the implementation of the recently adopted legislation of the West African Economic and Monetary Union.

National and intraregional efforts were being undertaken by Latin American countries to analyse investment and competition policies, and to formulate recommendations in these areas.

Related Financial Issues

He reviewed current trends in this area, including the prevalence of anticompetitive practices at the international level, which caused considerable losses to developing countries, as well as the increasing adoption and application of competition legislation and of bilateral and regional agreements with competition policy provisions, which had all triggered stronger international cooperation.