Medical care for pregnant women and newborns is provided by primary medical and health care institutions, hospitals, and special medical and other health care institutions (article 61 of the law).

The Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan stipulates the right of Republic of Kazakhstan citizens to protect their health and to receive the free, guaranteed amount of medical care established by law and paid medical care in State and private treatment facilities, as well as with individuals with a private medical practice.

Medical institutions collect a patient fee, which is a direct payment for medical services that is collected by the medical institution in the context of minimal health care services for patients.

Health care resources in Latvia Health care services in Latvia in 2001 were available at 140 hospitals, 2,083 outpatient treatment institutions and 303 facilities with medical nurses and midwives.

The country's primary health care policies have led to a reduction in the number of facilities with medical nurses and midwives, and the number of permanent medical treatment facilities has increased at the same time.

This could be tackled in various ways, including tax holidays for investments in health care and liberalization of investment in hospital and medical institutions, including financing by banks and financial institutions.

Attacks against or bombardment or destruction of health establishments, hospital ships (medical transport) or medical aircraft bearing proper distinctive marks, or health personnel

The primary health care is the main element in the national health care system.

(a) Bringing the health care information system into line with the objectives of health care, its functions and structures, as well as managerial skills for solving health problems on a priority basis

(f) Health care management

In order to improve the availability of health care services to Latvia's residents, simultaneously the work is also being done on improving the secondary health care system.

Health care centres, hospitals and related establishments are under municipal administration and financed from municipal budgets.

Also, the share of health care services in private institutions is borne directly by patients.

Improvements in the physical protection system of high activity sealed radioactive sources in five Lithuanian personal health care institutions of an oncological profile have been made.

An important element in the national health policy is primary medical and sanitary care.

(a) Medical Care Services

Improvement of health care

Medical care

Establishment of an effective structure of health care service providers

Short term social security also covers free medical care in State medical institutions.

Operating in the Republic to provide medical care to women are 442 hospitals, 1,025 outpatient polyclinics, 13 maternity homes and 631 women's counselling centres, children's polyclinics, outpatient facilities and other treatment facilities that have women's counselling centres.

Victims apos aid associations might act as intermediaries between the health services and victims for psychological or psychiatric treatment.

(g) International health care cooperation.

The tertiary health care level provides highly specialised medical services that are provided in specialised treatment centres or institutions by qualified specialists from one or more sectors of medicine.

277. In the field of health care Bulgaria apos s participation in the PHARE programme began in 1991, whereby humanitarian aid in the amount of 15 million ecus was granted for medication, medical equipment and consumables in hospitals and health establishments.

In addition, hospital care is provided to pregnant women by 34 maternity centres, 11 perinatal centres, and 156 maternity departments in central rayon hospitals.

The second thing is, the health issue.

Health care financing reform

Medical care and distribution of drugs

To provide medical care to women, the Republic has the following midwife stations (1,420), paramedical stations (2,720), family outpatient clinics (1,570), women's clinics (79), and clinicodiagnostic polyclinics (44), as well as 9 Marriage and Family departments and 13 medical genetics offices, 717 obstetrics gynaecology offices, and 524 patient examination rooms.

Medical care is provided by private practitioners and three government health clinics.

To enhance the accessibility of medical care to women, work is under way in the Republic to restore medical obstetric facilities and open new ones.

(a) Free medical care in State health institutions

As is the case in the entire health care system, the area of primary health care suffers from an insufficient number of medical personnel with a secondary medical education, and this problem is becoming more serious.

All pregnant women (regardless of whether they are socially insured or not) are entitled to free medical services delivered by public health care institutions.

The following institutions are included in the system of health care protection health center, family first aid station (clinic for family medicine), pharmacy, policlinic, hospital, institute for public health (institute for health care protection), specialized institutes, clinic, clinical hospital, and clinical center.

The distribution of health care facilities remains inadequate in Latvia, because there are districts and parishes in which there is a lack of medical personnel even with a secondary medical education.

The information is then sent to district health centres and from there to the national health information centre.

Raise medical health care contributions?

Information flow reaches a territorial unit and thence it is connected to the information base of the National Health Information Centre.

Fees are charged for hospital care and medical insurance is compulsory for all workers.

The existing institutionalized health care information network is represented by the National Health Information Centre, attached to the Ministry of Health, and 28 territorial units within the district public health care centres.

The share of primary medical care services, the largest component of the health programme, was approximately 10.

The Action Plan for Saskatchewan Health Care, released in 2001, recognizes the importance of Primary Health Care.

Laws and regulations concerning the health care and the social care include provisions, which provide for the principle of equality in the availability of health care services.