(3) Suppliers or contractors shall, prior to the auction, submit initial tenders that are complete in all respects, except that the tenders need not include the features that are to be presented through the auction.

(x) All other information necessary to enable the supplier or contractor to participate in the auction.

Other information, such as the starting price in the ERA or information about a third party ERA service provider, is also usually provided.

(xii) All other information necessary to enable the supplier or contractor to participate in the auction.

Details of the auction stage are not regulated but left to a procuring entity or a third party ERA service provider.

Unlike a traditional selling auction which involves a single seller and many buyers, the latter bidding for the right to purchase and the former using market forces to drive buyers to raise the price of purchase, in a reverse auction, there is a single buyer and many suppliers the buyer indicates its requirement, and suppliers progressively bid downwards to win the right to supply.

(4) (c) The invitation to participate shall set out the manner and deadline by which suppliers and contractors shall register to participate in the auction.

(4) (b) Following the evaluation referred to in paragraph (4) (a), the procuring entity shall send an invitation to participate in the auction to all suppliers or contractors except for those whose tenders have been rejected under paragraph (4) (a) may send an invitation to participate in the auction to the tenders that have received the highest ranking in accordance with the preceding paragraph, subject to the provisions of paragraph (e) below .

(4) (d) The procuring entity shall ensure that the number of suppliers or contractors invited to participate in the auction is sufficient to ensure effective competition.

In Brazil, ERAs are open to all suppliers registered in the centralized contractor supplier register (SICAF).

(1) An electronic reverse auction (electronic reverse auction) can be defined as an online, real time dynamic auction between a buying organization and a number of suppliers who compete against each other to win the contract by submitting successively lower priced or better ranked bids during a scheduled time period.

The services provided by the customers or suppliers

The chat is open only for the interaction between the reverse auctioneer and the individual suppliers, not the suppliers among themselves.

There are various possible solutions for example, providing a service for suppliers to relay instructions by telephone when individual suppliers experience problems, or extending the auction, or suspending it temporarily (see, for example, the Brazilian system discussed in paragraph 30 of A CN.9 WG.I WP.35 Add.1).

(b) Where there is a competitive market of at least ten suppliers or contractors that are anticipated to be qualified to participate in the electronic reverse auction and

performance of the contract, the procuring entity may not select another bid in accordance with article 34 (7) or article 36 (5) , but shall reopen the electronic reverse auction, which shall then be conducted in accordance with the provisions of this article adopt another method of procurement .

(4) (e) Unless already provided to suppliers or contractors, the invitation to participate in the electronic reverse auction shall include the following information the items set out in article 27 (n) bis, and

A. Sale for commercial adoption

(4) Where the procurement proceedings were conducted electronically in accordance with insert provisions dealing with electronic communications, reverse auctions and other fully automated procedures, if any , suppliers or contractors shall be deemed to have been permitted to be present at the opening of the tenders if they are allowed to follow the opening of the tenders through electronic means of communication used by the procuring entity.

In addition, guidance may be needed regarding the rules for dealing with technical problems during the auction phase, such as disconnection or equipment failure either by individual suppliers or by the procuring entity.

An electronic reverse auction (ERA) can be defined as an online, real time dynamic auction between a buying organization and a number of suppliers who compete against each other to win the contract by submitting successively lower priced bids during a scheduled time period.

There are also manuals that explain the procedure to the reverse auctioneer and suppliers.

ERA service providers

In those cases, ERAs can be conducted in an open market to all suppliers, as in Brazil, or to a limited number of pre selected or pre qualified suppliers, as in Austria (see A CN.9 WG.I WP.35 Add.1, paras.

(c) The confidentiality of information submitted by or relating to other suppliers is maintained

A third party ERA service provider usually charges a commission for its services.

If the number of suppliers or contractors qualified to participate in admitted to that have registered to participate in the auction falls below number is in the opinion of the procuring entity insufficient to ensure effective competition , the procuring entity shall withdraw the electronic reverse auction .

Following the holding of the auction on 10 and 11 July 1997, it was necessary to close the contract with the auctioneer, receive and record the proceeds and effect payment to the vendor.

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Model 1, in which all aspects of tenders that are to be compared in selecting the winning supplier are submitted through the ERA itself.

(4) There shall be no communication between the procuring entity and suppliers or contractors during the electronic reverse auction other than as provided for in paragraphs 1 (b) and (c) above.

The Working Group may wish to consider whether the procuring entity should be required to provide all information that will enable suppliers and contractors to decide whether or not to participate in the auction in the solicitation documents or to give the procuring entity the option of providing the information in the invitation to participate in the electronic reverse auction under proposed draft article 47 bis.

), a framework agreement concluded with five ERA service providers, designed to supply the ERA services to the public sector.

49. The Board acknowledges the Administration apos s progress in establishing a supplier roster on as wide a geographical basis as possible but is concerned about the low response from vendors.

Thus, during the ERA phase and at its close, suppliers know their overall standing

(1) quater. Without prejudice to the right of a procuring entity to stipulate the form of communications in the solicitation documents, the procuring entity shall not discriminate against or among suppliers or contractors on the basis of the form in which they transmit or receive documents, notifications, decisions or other communications.

In the latter case, public procurement proper, it is only a reverse auction format that can be used as several suppliers or contractors compete among themselves for the public contract award.

37. Black s Law Dictionary defines traffic in general as commerce trade sale or exchange of merchandise, bills, money, and the like.

The Procurement Service has also provided guidance to its staff, clarifying procedures for vendor name changes and centralizing vendor financial information and established criteria for special approval of vendors.

(b) The procuring entity shall, on request, provide to the supplier or contractor a receipt showing the date and time when its tender was received.

In paragraph 95, the Board recommended that the Tribunal perform supplier evaluations of existing vendors prior to extending or renewing a contract with the same vendor.

In the systems that recognize ERAs as an optional phase, suppliers register and qualify to participate in procurement in the usual way applicable to the chosen method of procurement and no additional qualification or registration requirements are found for participating specifically in the ERA.

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(d) formal methods of solicitation, utilizing invitations to bid or requests for proposals on the basis of advertisement or direct solicitation of invited suppliers or informal methods of solicitation, such as requests for quotations.

It is possible for entities to facilitate the participation of suppliers that do not have Internet access by setting up a proxy (possibly in the offices of the procuring entity) to bid on the supplier's behalf during the auction, based on telephone instructions from the supplier.