Item 4 Market access, market entry and competitiveness

The proper application of competition law levelled the playing field for market players and thus increased the number of enterprises that could compete in global markets.

In addition, growing competition in the distribution market can be expected to produce a decline in prices.

Market structure and competition (legislative recommendation 1 and paras. 1 13)

At the same time, SMEs face increased competition in both domestic and international markets.

This may ultimately lead to exclusion of existing competitors from competition in the two liquor markets.

To begin with, as international firms begin to operate in the world economy as if it were a single market and production space, the issue of competitive markets is now being posed in terms of the quot contestability quot of markets, i.e. not only actual trade competition in goods and services, but also potential competition resulting from the establishment of foreign firms through direct investment.

Because in Africa today, we are competing globally for capital.

In the product market, a firm competes with other firms for market shares.

It was necessary to address anti competitive tendencies emanating from both domestic and external markets.

The Norwegian Competition Authority successfully used this procedure to ensure that the market remained competitive.

What is particularly lacking in terms of raising domestic competition and increasing the competitiveness of economies in transition is a sufficient number of privately owned medium sized enterprises capable of growing and competing not only in domestic markets but also in foreign markets.

Limit access to a market or free competition among enterprises

The role of competition law and policy in facilitating market entry by small and medium sized firms and in promoting economic development, and the relationship between competition policy and the informal sector

World Investment Report 1997 (Transnational Corporations, Market Structure and Competition Policy)

The issue is to what extent the market should be competitive in the traditional sense of the word, i.e. marked by the absence of regulatory barriers to entry and the existence of small production units, etc.

SELECTED FREE TRADE, CUSTOMS UNION, ECONOMIC PARTNERSHIP OR COMMON MARKET AGREEMENTS WITH COMPETITION LAW AND POLICY PROVISIONS

Their citizens do not have experience with competition law and policy they may be unfamiliar with the benefits that competitive markets provide for them.

Costs of implementation of national competition policy could be minimized by recognizing that, in small markets, concentration might not be as important as ensuring the contestability of markets.

The race for national competitiveness is every bit as fierce as the competition among companies in the marketplace. Countries compete for investment, talent, growth, and opportunity in a globalized world, and those that are pushed out of the running surrender the greatest prize of all human development, prosperity, and happiness for their people.

As a result, competitiveness in international markets would be reduced.

Foster the competitiveness of Swiss equipment suppliers on the world market.

Rules governing competition in domestic or international markets address this problem.

They have proved that they can be competitive in a market economy.

Reaffirming further the role which competition policy can play in facilitating market entry by small and medium sized firms and the informal sector, in promoting a dynamic enterprise sector and in enhancing competitiveness in national and international markets,

Increased competitiveness can result from the growing reputation of a Singaporean firm in both domestic and foreign markets.

(d) Evaluation and comparison of transport cost to determine system competitiveness and subsequent impact on traders competitiveness in foreign markets

Assist small island developing States in enhancing their competitiveness in international markets.

Free societies are most valuable as marketplaces where free ideas compete.

II Selected free trade, customs union, economic partnership or common market

A century ago, the economist and political scientist Joseph Schumpeter argued that the central virtue of a market economy was its capacity to innovate. He contended that economists traditional focus on competitive markets was misplaced what mattered was competition for the market, not competition in the market.

Competitive markets, effective property rights and the rule of law benefited the poor.

The former relate to the physical and information technology infrastructure necessary to tap, and deliver competitively to, markets.

In the product market, competition among firms producing the same product, or close substitutes, can differentially affect a firm s performance, depending on the structure of the market and the nature of the competition policy pursued.

It was observed that success in domestic markets was often a prerequisite for competitiveness in regional and, eventually, international markets.

By opening up markets to competition, they also encourage the operation of market based incentives.

The Parties agree that it is in their common interest to secure the efficient operation of their markets by enforcing their respective competition laws in order to protect their markets from anticompetitive practices.

Trade liberalization also means more competition internationally.

It's an assumption that modernity is a product simply of competition, markets and technology.

The act of 1994 broadened the scope for cooperatives to adapt to changing market and competitive conditions.

He stressed the importance of creating competitive markets in strengthening the competitiveness of enterprises in host economies, and in ensuring maximum efficiency and consumer welfare.

At the same time, maintaining fair conditions for competition in the market can maximize benefits to all actors in the distribution services market.

Rather, the competition agency's decision was based on market data showing that cement prices had risen by as much as 38 per cent.

B. Panel on Building innovative SMEs in competitive markets

Linked to the issue of market concentration, licensing and competition is also the question of economies of scale.