And they will either enter into this so called cellular suicide, programmed cell death, or they will form unhealthy daughter cells and enter into apoptosis once they have divided.

And then this bubbling, this membrane bubbling, is the hallmark of apoptosis in this cell.

We thought that maybe nitric oxide affected cell death, and how cells survive, and their resistance to other things.

So what happens when a person gets a retinal degenerative disease like macular degeneration? What happens is is that, the front end cells die, the photoreceptors die, and over time, all the cells and the circuits that are connected to them, they die too.

And so I thought, Maybe if it can promote cell growth, it can inhibit cell death, too.

These are support cells astrocytes glia.

They are called neurons.

Now both of these kinds of cells can make the place cells fire.

Liver cells, nerve cells, pancreatic cells we still can't grow them even today.

There's 10,000 neurons here.

They were, at that stage, much smaller and had an elongated shape that allowed them to slip between other cells. It came as a great surprise when we discovered that the cells giving birth to the new neurons were a type called radial glia, which were thought not to occur in adulthood and were not known to give birth to neurons.

Accordingly, the Panel recommends no compensation for this part of the first claim unit.

Deprive your brain of oxygen for just a few minutes, those brain cells die, they never come back.

You're familiar with these cells because they are the ones that frustrate you when you try to swat the fly.

Place cells are also being recorded in humans.

However cancer is constrained by living inside our bodies, and its continued growth, its spreading through our bodies and eating away at our tissues, leads to the death of the cancer patient and also to the death of the cancer itself.

Sort of eavesdrop on the activity of nerve cells in the brain.

And what they find is a single point mutation in a gene responsible for controlling programmed cell death.

And I think they'll be a new era of your own stem cell banking to have in the freezer your own cardiac cells, myocytes and neural cells to use them in the future, should you need them.

As we zoom in on one of these purple neurons, we see that its outer membrane is studded with microscopic pores.

In this simulation, each black dot is one nerve cell.

It's cells and it's wires all wired together.

They're controlling who nervous system cells partner up with.

So the human brain has about a hundred billion neurons in it.

I mean, on the slide, you can see that on our sensitive side, these cells that are responding to the drug, when we start blocking the protein, the number of dying cells those colored dots they're going down.

One of the paradoxes of this process is that in adult birds and mammals the total number of brain cells remains remarkably constant. The new neurons replace older ones of the same kind that die a process of natural rejuvenation.

These cells, called glial cells, were once thought to be unimportant structural elements of the spinal cord that did nothing more than hold all the important things together, like the nerves.

However, as far as I know, all the species have evolved to actually die, so when cells divide, the telomerase get shorter, and eventually species die.

It's one of the cells that seems to be atrophied in disorders like schizophrenia.

Each cell in the body contains DNA, which is responsible for producing the proteins that are necessary for a cell s functioning. Though all cells in the body have the same DNA, only a subset of the genes encoded by the DNA is expressed in each cell type, thus accounting for the difference between, say, a skin cell, a liver cell, and a brain cell.

It's not essential that we can control the activity of all neurons in the brain, just some.

The more targeted our interventions, the better.

These stories saturated my cells and nerves, and to be honest, I stopped sleeping for three years.

And so, when you start to look at emergent systems, you can look at a neuron under a microscope.

If those diseases where tissues are deteriorating for example Alzheimer's, where the brain, the brain cells, die and we need to restore new brain cells, new functional brain cells what if we could, in the future, use cancer? A tumor put it in the brain and cause it to differentiate into brain cells?

And in the U.K., neural stem cells to treat stroke are being investigated in a phase one trial.

What's common among these groups of cells is that they all produce the neurotransmitter dopamine.

And furthermore, that nervous tissue brain gets cancer, and brain cells are also terminally differentiated.

When computers were first introduced, they were said to be a million times faster than neurons.

So now we have organic computer chips made out of living, self aggregating neurons.

And that would be represented by the firing of boundary detecting cells.

So the theory is that he's having some immunological reaction to what's going on to the food essentially, and that's a natural reaction, which causes some programmed cell death.

So, I added these protocells together to the system, and protocell A and protocell B fused together to form a hybrid protocell AB.

For this fish, it's actually whole cells with nuclei and membranes.

This is a normal cell. This is a cancer cell.