In this instance, judges need to learn about the importance of competition policy and the principles of competition analysis.

61. Estonia There is a need to strengthen the Competition Board and train its staff and judges in the field of competition legislation.

Candidacy of Dr Abdelfattah Omar (Republic of Tunisia) to the position of judge at the International Court of Justice.

Officials of the Parties' competition authorities shall meet periodically to exchange information on their current enforcement efforts and priorities in relation to their competition laws.

programmes on competition law and policy

Candidature of Dr. Raphael Keita (Republic of Mali) for the position of Judge at the International Court on the Law of the Sea.

Hungary April 1996 Economic Issues Involved in Adjudicating Hungarian Competition Cases attended by judges of the Supreme Court and Metropolitan Court and staff of the Office of Economic Competition

(a) A meeting on competition law and policy, as called for in the report of the Expert Meeting on Competition Law and Policy

Competition cases are unique in many ways, and judges will not have had experience with them.

Competition law and policy formulation in Malawi

Study visits to the Swedish Competition Authority and to the United Kingdom and the participation of the Board s officials in several conferences in the field of competition law and policy were financed.

Enforcement of the provisions of the Competition Act is in the hands of administrative bodies and the judicial authorities.

Meeting of Experts on Competition Law and Policy 13 15 November

Expert Meeting on Competition Law and Policy 24 26 November

Competition law and policy and its benefits for the alleviation of poverty

An addition, a new Competition Act has been enacted to enhance competition.

7. The process of developing competition policy and law in Malawi was initiated with the First National Symposium on Competition Policy and Legislation (June 1996).

Report of the Intergovernmental Group of Experts on Competition Law and Policy

II. CONSULTATIONS ON COMPETITION LAW AND POLICY, INCLUDING THE MODEL LAW AND STUDIES RELATED

Ordinance No. 95 06 of 25 January 1995 on competition 5

Related Financial Issues

(a) Endorses the recommendations of the Expert Meeting on Competition Law and Policy

This could not have been achieved without the continuous technical assistance received from UNCTAD, including the provision of material on competition enforcement and competition advocacy, particularly a manual on the formulation and application of competition law, as well as seminars for investigators, judges and practitioners of competition law.

33. Technical cooperation provided or planned by Peru consists of (a) training in the National Institute for the Defense of Competition and Protection of Intellectual Property (INDECOPI) for officials of developing countries preparing or applying competition legislation (b) sending officials from the Commission of Free Competition of INDECOPI to advise developing countries on the implementation of competition legislation.

III Multilateral and plurilateral instruments dealing with 38

Chapter II describes experiences in cooperation on competition law and policy.

Since competition laws and policy represented an extremely multidimensional and complicated issue, more international organizations would be involved in its consideration in the years to come.

(i) Further issues of the Handbook on Competition Legislation

Law No. 91 999 of 27 December 1991 on competition 15

2. PRACTICES THAT RESTRICT COMPETITION

I. Anti competitive practices

Handbook on Competition Legislation

Instruments of international cooperation on competition

Topic 1 Experience of developing countries with the implementation of competition law and policy

In June 1996, a new competition law, which took into account the most modern approaches to competition policy, had been enacted.

Harmonization of the competition legislation of the Slovak Republic with competition laws of the EU and secondary legislation

Competition law and competition authority could be introduced in due course.

PREPARATIONS FOR A HANDBOOK ON COMPETITION LEGISLATION

I. Anti competitive practices 4

Nothing in this Article limits the discretion of the requested Party's competition authorities under its competition laws and enforcement policies as to whether to undertake enforcement activities with respect to the anticompetitive practices identified in a request, nor precludes the requesting Party's competition authorities from undertaking enforcement activities with respect to such anticompetitive practices.

Difficulties of developing countries in enforcing competition laws, including in cases with international elements, and the application of competition laws to cross border anticompetitive practices

Difficulties of developing countries in enforcing competition laws, including in cases with international elements, and the application of competition laws to cross border anticompetitive practices The long term economic benefits of an effective competition policy, in particular its contribution to the growth and export competitiveness of developing countries

6. The representative of Tunisia, summarizing recent developments in competition law and policy in his country, said that the scope of application of the law had been extended, the competition authority s structures and powers had been consolidated and implementing regulations had been adopted.

III. WORK PROGRAMME, INCLUDING TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, ADVISORY AND TRAINING PROGRAMMES ON COMPETITION

Regarding Cooperation Between Their Competition Authorities In the Enforcement of Their Competition Laws