Already what were thought to be bacteria for generations have been found to compose, instead, two great domains of microorganisms true bacteria and one celled organisms the archaea, which are closer than other bacteria to the eukaryota, the group that we belong to.

And along comes pneumococcus or another bacteria, streptococcus and boom, they get a bacterial pneumonia.

I hope that what you've learned is that bacteria can distinguish self from other.

They either pop the bacterial membrane, they make the bacterium so it can't replicate its DNA.

A virus grabbed onto a bacterium and it slipped its DNA into it.

And from the results of the same competition last year, a University of Texas team of students programmed bacteria so that they can detect light and switch on and off.

So, hopefully, we will go from being the art of medicine more to the science of medicine, and be able to do what they do in infectious disease, which is look at that organism, that bacteria, and then say, This antibiotic makes sense, because you have a particular bacteria that will respond to it.

What happens is that bacteria are able to count how many of me and how many of you.

So we went back to molecular biology and started studying different bacteria, and what we've found now is that in fact, bacteria are multilingual.

These vibrios, these bacteria, can actually infect people.

And we know staph can do amazing things.

This is now supposed to be my bacterial cell.

This is the bacterial Esperanto.

Those fungi and bacteria are as highly evolved as humans.

And so we started to think if this really is about communication in bacteria, and it's about counting your neighbors, it's not enough to be able to only talk within your species.

Dr Noah's bacillus? Now, Jimmy, even you wouldn't release germ warfare.

Carole Lartigue led the effort to actually transplant a bacterial chromosome from one bacteria to another.

You will never annihilate the germs.

A piece of paper crawling with germs.

We couldn't have a germ theory of disease before we invented the microscope to see them.

What was actually interesting to us was not that the bacteria made light, but when the bacteria made light.

To take an example close to home there are over 500 species of bacteria now known friendly bacteria living symbiotically in your mouth and throat probably necessary to your health for holding off pathogenic bacteria.

And, after an initial cost of 60 bucks to buy the bacteria, which you'll never have to pay again, one cubic meter of bacterial sand would be about 11 dollars.

So replacing the bacteria DNA with virus DNA turns the bacteria into a factory for making viruses that is, until it's so filled with viruses that it bursts.

It's different when a bacteria comes into the body that's a foreign object we want that out.

We're here today to announce the first synthetic cell, a cell made by starting with the digital code in the computer, building the chromosome from four bottles of chemicals, assembling that chromosome in yeast, transplanting it into a recipient bacterial cell and transforming that cell into a new bacterial species.

We heard that bacteria eat oil?

Without water, the bacteria won't survive.

But it's not bacterial pneumonia.

And the focus when I'm talking about the diarrheal organisms, as well as the focus when I'm talking about any organisms that cause acute infectious disease, is to think about the problem from a germ's point of view, germ's eye view.

And my immunologist told me that I should also wipe down all of the remote controls and iPhones in my house, because those are just orgies of germs.

And when the molecule hits a certain amount that tells the bacteria how many neighbors there are, they recognize that molecule and all of the bacteria turn on light in synchrony.

And what you're looking at with this namibiensis is the biggest bacteria we've ever seen.

Here, this cloaked, secret agent virus is slipping his DNA into the bacterial cell, but here's the kicker It doesn't do anything harmful not at first.

Jessica Green We're covered in germs. Let's design for that.

The main characters in the story are bacteria and viruses.

Please identify the bacterial specimen under the microscope.

Researchers speculate that the worms may be feeding on chemosynthetic bacteria (bacteria whose life is based on chemical processes rather than photosynthesis) that grow on the compressed gas in the hydrates or otherwise living symbiotically with them.

Fungi don't like to rot from bacteria, and so our best antibiotics come from fungi.

So, 10 times more bacterial cells than human cells on a human being.

What we've figured out is that the way that they do that is that they talk to each other, and they talk with a chemical language.

To understand how the bacteria affected the immune system, the researchers grew L. reuteri in liquid and then transferred small amounts of the liquid without bacteria to immature immune cells isolated from mice.

And that is the species of organism that is responsible for causing cholera.

We genetically engineer bacteria.

Bonnie Bassler on how bacteria talk