Effective enforcement of laws and anti corruption programmes

States should assist each other during the investigation of corruption cases and in the enforcement of legislation against corruption.

The judiciary is frequently accused of corruption in property cases.

It also served to increase the risks of involvement in corruption by increasing the probability of detection and the cost of participating in corrupt activities.

Consequences of acts of corruption

(b) Non involvement in corruption

It also provides a shield against the discovery of corrupt practices.

The revised act sought a uniform approach in the fight against various forms of corruption.

The United Nations Convention against Corruption would be a fundamental part of efforts to tackle the corrupt practices that exacerbated organized crime and hindered development.

MAJOR SCANDAL IN THE WORKS?

Freedom of the press, civil measures against corruption and restitution to victims, education of the public, research into corruption and training of those fighting it are also covered in the draft framework convention.

Acts ratifying the United Nations Convention against Corruption and the Criminal Law Convention on Corruption would soon be submitted to the Verkhovna Rada.

It is designed to assist investigators in overcoming the hurdle of bank secrecy, and to provide for a golden mean between attacking corruption and offering asylum, where appropriate asylum, however, cannot be allowed to facilitate the avoidance of justice in cases of corruption.

Criminalization of corruption

Anti corruption law

Special courts had been established for the prosecution of corruption cases, several of which were pending.

It is generally understood that corruption is rife.

The Committee welcomes the efforts made to combat economic crime and corruption in the State party, including the adoption of the 2004 2006 State Programme on Strengthening the Fight against Corruption and of the law on the fight against corruption, adopted in January 2004, as well as the establishment of the Department for Fighting Corruption, under the Prosecutor General.

In this context, judicial discipline and the removal of judges who have engaged in corruption are essential.

The Convention against Corruption covers economic or financial crimes that are the result of corrupt practices.

The wave of privatization processes offer considerable opportunities for misconduct and corruption.

There was general agreement at all four seminars that the Convention against Corruption represented a major step forward in action against corruption and the development of international law.

India is also handicapped by small scale corruption, with bribery a common feature of all forms of business and personal transactions. The government should crack down on instances of high level graft and use the new system of cash transfers to limit the scope of petty corruption.

Corruption in any form must not be tolerated.

An assessment of corruption and anti corruption measures in correctional services was carried out in Southern Africa together with SADC, which adopted an anti corruption programme, while a number of countries have promulgated anti corruption legislation.

Financial statement on the draft resolution entitled Action against corruption assistance to States in capacity building with a view to facilitating the entry into force and subsequent implementation of the United Nations Convention against Corruption

Burden of proof in corruption cases

And I think corruption, and the fight against corruption, and the impact of corruption, is probably one of the most interesting ways to illustrate what I mean with this failure of governance.

Action against corruption

A corrupt State will not be able to fulfil this obligation.

United Nations Global Programme against Corruption

Mutual assistance in corruption cases

In that respect, amendments had been made to a number of provisions of the Penal Code, including article 372, on passive corruption with the intent to commit an unlawful act, article 373, on passive corruption with the intent to commit a lawful act, article 374, on active corruption, and article 381, on the definition of the term official .

The Government of Ukraine had signed the United Nations Convention against Corruption and the Criminal Law Convention on Corruption and the Civil Law Convention on Corruption of the Council of Europe.

PROMOTION AND MAINTENANCE OF THE RULE OF LAW AND GOOD GOVERNANCE ACTION AGAINST CORRUPTION

(a) Action against corruption

Peru had set up anti corruption courts and prosecutors and had appointed a special attorney to represent the State in court cases. The Government had established effective cooperation procedures and had revamped its asset recovery mechanisms.

With regard to corruption, whose criminalization had been recommended by the Convention, the Penal Code of Burkina Faso, in articles 156 and 160, defined and imposed penalties for the commission of such an offence.

Evidence gathering procedures in corruption cases

In a first major undertaking, an anti corruption bill has been adopted by the Council of Ministers and will be voted on by the Parliament before the end of 2006.

Enhancement of fraud and corruption prevention mechanisms

This refers to such issues as not taking advantage of weak law enforcement, anticompetitive practices and corruption.

Countering corrupt practices in electoral processes requires cooperation among the key institutions that supervise elections, such as the electoral agencies, the police and anti corruption institutions.

This draft convention reinforces what has been already included in the Protocol on Corruption (the second protocol to the Convention on the Protection of the European Communities Financial Interests) by reiterating its provisions concerning substantive aspects of corruption and measures to combat it.

4. Promotion and maintenance of the rule of law and good governance action against corruption.