(c) Sprut MBI determination of volumes of intra and extra cellular fluid, total circulating blood volume and the proportion of cellular and fluid blood components in the human body under conditions of weightlessness

It is a fact that when our organs or tissues are injured, our bone marrow releases stem cells into our circulation.

This is one One of the things that one does occasionally need to do is to separate blood cells from serum.

Stem cells are packed in that liposuction fluid.

Adult stem cells are throughout our body, including the blood forming stem cells in our bone marrow, which we've been using as a form of stem cell therapy for over 40 years.

And adult stem cells are found in you and me in our blood, in our bone marrow, in our fat, our skin and other organs.

And these stem cells then float in the bloodstream and hone in to damaged organs to release growth factors to repair the damaged tissue.

We then take the cells, the vascular cells, blood vessel cells, we perfuse the vascular tree with the patient's own cells.

And the same vessels that are feeding tumors allow cancer cells to exit into the circulation as metastases.

Nature feeds the heart cells in your body with a very, very dense blood supply.

Fat derived stem cells are adult stem cells.

But adult stem cells are not embryonic stem cells.

So, you take the drop of blood, no further manipulations, you put it on a little device, the device filters out the blood cells, lets the serum go through, and you get a series of colors down in the bottom there.

So this is more challenging large organ, vascular, a lot of blood vessel supply, a lot of cells present.

So I've studied a lot about stem cells embryonic stem cells are particularly powerful.

Blood is a complicated stew of plasma proteins, red blood cells, platelets, and other cellular components. These elements perform crucial functions, such as transporting oxygen, nutrients, and immunoglobulins (which defend against infection), and regulating water content, temperature, and pH level.

This is a stem cell that we've developed here in Oxford, from an embryonic stem cell.

You place the vascular blood vessel lining cells on the inside.

We think that cancer cells actually come off the tumor, get into the saliva.

That's all stem cells.

Stem Cell Obscurantism

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They discovered that adult cells, taken from you and me, could be reprogrammed back into embryonic like cells, which they termed IPS cells, or induced pluripotent stem cells.

Memory B cells turn into plasma cells, which produce wave after wave of the specific antibodies that latch onto HIV to prevent it from infecting cells, while squadrons of killer T cells seek out and destroy cells that are already HIV infected.

A blood vessel is made up of two different cell types.

Out comes the liposuction fluid, and in this case, the stem cells are isolated and turned into neurons.

Or we can use cells alone, either your very own cells or different stem cell populations.

These cancers include acute lymphoblastic leukaemia acute myelogenous leukaemia chronic lymphocytic leukaemia hairy cell leukaemia non Hodgkin's lymphoma Hodgkin's disease melodysplastic syndrome multiple myeloma retinoblastoma Ewing sarcoma Wilms tumour neuroblastoma sarcoma rhabdomyosarcoma testis tumour and lung cancer.

There go the cells.

We worked with a theme, which is, you've got macrophages that are streaming down a capillary, and they're touching the surface of the capillary wall, and they're picking up information from cells that are on the capillary wall, and they are given this information that there's an inflammation somewhere outside, where they can't see and sense.

And what metastases are is when the tumor when a piece breaks off and travels through the blood stream and goes to a different organ. That's what a metastasis is.

The observation that stem cells, as master cells, could give rise to a whole variety of different cell types heart cells, liver cells, pancreatic islet cells captured the attention of the media and the imagination of the public.

Plus we have stem cells.

So we actually perfuse first the blood vessel tree with the patient's own blood vessel cells, and we then infiltrate the parenchyma with the liver cells.

Tumor cells can travel through the blood vessels.

If we cannot use stem cells from your body then we'd like to use donor stem cells.

You all know about embryonic stem cells.

Embryonic stem cells have occupied center stage, chiefly because of their pluripotency that is their ease in differentiating into a variety of different cell types.

And I focused my research on stem cells as a possible source for cell transplants.

Blood. The blood flowing in my veins

These are female and male stem cells.

We've talked about stem cells tonight.

You see the cells coming back out.

So we hypothesized that female stem cells might be better at identifying the injury, doing some cellular repair or even producing new organs, which is one of the things that we're trying to do with stem cell therapy.

So here's an image of red blood cells, and now we can actually map where the hemozoin and where the malaria parasites are inside those red blood cells.