Knowledge of methods

Only 16 of them use one of the modern methods of contraception (condom 3 , IUD 7 , pill 5 ), while 33 of them use some of the traditional methods (interrupted intercourse).

99 urban married women know about contraception, 40 have practiced it at least once and 31 were practicing at the time of compilation of the PIHS 2001 02.

In the Republic, 35.6 of women of childbearing age use one form or other of contraception. The main contraception method is the intrauterine device (62.5 , as opposed to 73.4 in 1999).

Thirty five per cent of the population has access to methods of contraception.

The commonest method is the pill (98.1 ), followed by condoms (97.6 ) and female sterilization (96.6 ).

Women who became pregnant while using a contraceptive method owing to its failure (tables 12.7 and 12.8).

Table 7

In 1998 99, 99 urban women knew about contraception, 39 had practiced it, and 29 were currently using these.

The prescribing of contraceptives to a young girl was a matter for her own doctor.

The use of contraception is directly related to education level in the case of women living with a man, the most widespread use of contraception is found among those with higher education (77.1 ).

The use of contraceptives is least common among women with no education, only 58 per cent of whom have recourse to contraception the commonest method is female sterilization (28.6 ), and the least common are implants (0 ), male sterilization (0.4 ) and the vaginal methods (0.9 ).

The constant use of contraception was registered in 49 of the surveyed women.

Women with satisfied needs (who use contraceptives)

Data from the same survey indicate that the most common method used is the coil at 43 per cent, followed by the contraceptive pill at 26.4 per cent.

The constant use of contraception was registered in 49 of the surveyed women.

Similarly the percentage of couples becoming aware of contraceptive methods and practicing has also registered an increase.

Ms. Arocha Dominguez, referring to women's reproductive health and family planning, requested information on the availability and level of use of contraception.

The increasing use of contraceptives will also lessen the numbers of women who become pregnant against their wishes.

Global contraceptive commodity programme

The rate of use of reversible contraception rose to 12.3 per cent in 1992.

Current use of modern methods is placed at 5 for the women in union, being the injections and the pill the methods that present greater prevalence of use (2.3 and 1.5 , respectively).

Of contraceptive users, 49.3 per cent prefer oral contraceptives, 37.2 per cent use intra uterine devices and 12.8 per cent use other methods.

Act No. 64 69, banning contraception, had been replaced in 2000 by Act No. 01 2000 liberalizing access to contraception.

The pill and intra uterine devices are next in importance with 13 and 11 per cent respectively, although their shares are declining.

Many women in the agricultural areas use traditional methods, and are more reluctant to using modern methods.

The average age of women who use abortion as a method of contraception is 25 35.

Knowledge of methods is only slightly higher among married women than all women and is actually lower for both male and female condoms.

The decision to practice contraception is affected by six factors the strength of the motivation to avoid pregnancy knowledge about contraception costs of practicing contraception, specifically perceptions of the social, cultural, and religious acceptability of contraception perceptions of the husband's opposition to family planning health concerns about contraception and access to family planning of acceptable quality.

401. Fifty nine per cent of married women of fertile age (15 to 44) use some type of contraceptive.

Note 9. Global Contraceptive Commodity Programme

CONTRACEPTION

For purposes of providing the people of the country with safe contraception, a number of contraceptives (intrauterine devices and hormonal contraceptives) are on the list of key, vitally important pharmaceuticals.

The increasing use of contraceptives will also lessen the numbers of women who become pregnant against their wishes.

(c) Legal quality control of condoms should be enforced and compliance with the International Condom Standard should be monitored in practice.

Steps must therefore be taken to raise awareness of and provide education on family planning to the couple jointly, with focus on the man's role as an essential partner in making the decision on its use.

To spread information about family planning, premature pregnancy, contraceptive methods and other issues.

All obstetrician gynaecologists and midwives have methods for family planning and modern contraception.

To protect women's health, modern contraceptive methods aimed at preventing an unwanted pregnancy may be recommended if a woman requests them.

The Family Planning Union and various non governmental organisations promote the use of modern high quality methods of contraception and act with the aim of making contraceptives available for the public at large.

Articles 522 to 523 of the Code are devoted to the subject of contraceptive methods and abortion.

The factors determining fertility include marriage, exposure to the risk of pregnancy, natural postpartum infertility, reproductive preferences, and use of contraceptives.

And, in fact, among people who know some contraceptive methods better, do also know some traditional ones.

At the same time, citizens of the Republic of Tajikistan have the right to make an independent decision regarding reproduction and contraception.

The Panel finds that it was reasonable and prudent for Iran to provide safe drinking water and sanitation facilities to the refugees in order to prevent the spread of communicable diseases.