The funded ratios on that basis, which varied according to the rate of interest assumed, ranged from 137 to 145 per cent, with 141 per cent being applicable for the regular valuation.

African stock markets were undervalued their price earnings ratios were considerably lower than those of the Standard and Poor 500, though their rate of return in 2003 and 2004 had been considerably higher than the rate in Latin America or Europe.

Minimal bitrate value

Maximal bitrate value

Average bitrate value

Debt rate ( GNP)

Now, estimating odds, as difficult as it may seem, is a piece of cake compared to trying to estimate value trying to say what something is worth, how much we'll enjoy it, how much pleasure it will give us.

Investment rate as GDP

If absolute rate of change of PCGNI X (a predetermined number to be decided by the Committee)

An additional criterion is a ratio of present value of debt to government revenue of 280 per cent (together with additional conditions related to a ratio of government revenue to gross domestic product (GDP) of 20 per cent and a ratio of exports to GDP of 40 per cent).

Debt sustainability indicators for Haiti are mixed.

c Percentage point change in investment GDP ratio.

Savings rate as GNP

The Advisory Committee notes that, for the first time, since the valuation as at 31 December 1976, the regular valuation as at 31 December 1997 disclosed a small surplus when measured against the present contribution rate of 23.7 per cent of pensionable remuneration.

Cervical cancer is five times higher than the U.S. national average.

Ratio of gross domestic investment to GDP

Estimates for each drug type were weighted by the population size of each country.

If the MER valuation index of the Member States reviewed exceeded predetermined threshold levels, the MERs in question could be replaced in such a way that the Member State MER valuation index would be brought back to the predetermined threshold level.

To the Man in Space programme at a rate of 3 per cent, i.e. a rate equivalent to its GNP rate, and to the MFC programme at a rate of 10 per cent.

This is a very high rate, but it should not be directly compared with the much lower rates estimated for Namibia by earlier surveys.

The ratio between the benefits registered in the social budget and the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the so called social spending ratio.

Paragraph 20 of the report gives the results of the twenty fourth regular valuation as compared to the results of the previous valuation as at 31 December 1995.

The ratios of debt service to exports and debt stock to GNP also point towards an improved position.

The estimate was calculated on the basis of a usage factor of 10 per cent of the in survey equipment valuation.

However, on a strictly technical basis, the Consulting Actuary indicated that the interest rate for lump sum commutation ought to be set at a uniform rate of about 4 per cent and that the rate has been set, at least since 1984, by the Board at higher levels in order to help the Fund s actuarial valuation.

The table below provides the results of the twenty fourth actuarial valuation and compares them with the results of the regular valuation as at 31 December 1995.

The Value of Being Undervalued

The values of Re and Rm to be used in determining this ratio shall be the values specified in the material inspection certificate.

The values of Re and Rm to be used in determining this ratio shall be the values specified in the material inspection certificate.

The relatively low deposit GDP ratio was, at the end of 1996, about 57.5 per cent.

There are two kinds of errors people make when trying to decide what the right thing is to do, and those are errors in estimating the odds that they're going to succeed, and errors in estimating the value of their own success.

Productivity growth is not about working longer it is about generating more output per unit of labor input. Any undercounting of output pales in comparison with the IT assisted undercounting of working hours.

And then the increment above that exemption, the increment above what has been excluded, will then be taxed at a certain rate.

A problem in carrying out a study of peak tariffs is that a substantial proportion of peak tariffs are specific rates or combined rates.

Industrial output will grow at a rate of 1.5 to 2 per cent above the projected estimate.

The debt to GNP and debt to export ratios remain high, about three and a half times those for the developing countries as a whole.

Estimated annual value

41. In measuring an environmental liability based on the present value approach, the discount rate used to measure present value would be a risk free rate, such as that used for a government security that has a similar term.

The gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate declined in 1997 in excess of 10 per cent.

The infant mortality rate in 1997 was estimated at 7.4 per 1,000 live births, which is comparable to the rate in developed countries.

For those Member States with a rate of change above predetermined threshold levels, a further review would be undertaken using a MER valuation index.

Owing to strong GDP growth, the debt to GDP ratio decreased from 100.2 per cent to 95.1 per cent.

The Committee of Actuaries noted that, for the first time since the valuation as at 31 December 1978, the regular valuation disclosed a small surplus when measured against the present contribution rate of 23.7 per cent of pensionable remuneration whether an actuarial deficit will reappear depended upon future economic and demographic developments, particularly as regards investment returns and exchange rates.

If this approach were taken, as was done in respect of other assumptions used in the valuations, the valuation reports could include an analysis of the actual experience of the administrative audit costs during the previous two years as compared to the assumption made in the latest valuation

Thus, in 1975, the countrywide immunization coverage for infants was estimated as follows