172. There is little difference between the causes of the conflict in Southern Kivu and those which led to the conflict in the north and are discussed in paragraphs 14 29 of the Addendum to this report (E CN.4 1997 6 Add.1).

The causes of future conflicts may come from a complex mix of political, economic and strategic reasons.

25. Objectives and implementation strategy. The objectives are to support efforts by programme countries to (a) develop mechanisms for anticipating conflict situations and measures for avoiding them (b) manage conflicts when they break out (c) address the root causes of conflicts.

One reason for the escalation in violations is the changing nature of conflicts, which are now more likely to be internal wars than inter State conflicts.

That return was precipitated by the outbreak of conflict in the region.

Since in many cases the refugee problem stemmed from conflicts, it was necessary to prevent conflicts and address their root causes.

One recurrent source of serious conflicts is access to resources.

That was particularly so where the root causes of conflicts had not yet been resolved.

Inequitable sharing of benefits is another common cause of conflicts.

Efforts should also be made to assist women in countries coming out of conflict or on the verge of conflict and to ensure that the PRSPs addressed the root causes of conflict in terms of exclusion and inequality.

Post conflict restitution

This shows the perverse reciprocity and feedback connection between these two scourges of mankind, since while poverty affects the gestation and development of conflicts, the latter in turn are major causes of poverty.

Large scale human rights violations are not merely the product of civil and ethnic conflict, they are also a major cause of such conflicts.

However, many root causes of the conflict in Sierra Leone are yet to be addressed.

The doctrine thus seems quite distinct from the effect of armed conflict on treaties.

This is of course one more reason to intensify efforts to find a political solution to the conflict.

That office will have an important role to play in eliminating the underlying causes of the conflict.

This is because the conflict is fundamentally a comprehensive one.

(b) Peace building and conflict resolution, including elimination of the underlying causes of social conflict. (This was a key area needing urgent attention.)

The conflict, therefore, was a conflict of principle and for that principle both sides were prepared to go on arguing and even, if need be, fighting, rather than compromise. quot

107. In this report I set out to provide a clear and candid analysis of the sources of conflicts in Africa and the reasons why they persist.

Another challenge is that the underlying systemic causes of conflict should be addressed in a comprehensive manner.

United Nations support to post conflict recovery

The question of the effect of armed conflict on treaties is a difficult one for several reasons. First, the term armed conflict has come to stand for a very diverse set of circumstances.

The other essential element of the resolution is that we recognize the role of women in conflict and what women have to suffer, and why, in the post conflict phase.

The proliferation of inexpensive weapons had also helped to change warfare, since it allowed the warring parties to maintain a state of armed conflict almost indefinitely.

For that reason, it would be useful to include a definition of armed conflict in the draft articles.

The main reason for this stagnation is undoubtedly the increase in the number and frequency of conflicts.

There was also a need to distinguish between persons forcibly displaced by conflict and those who had migrated voluntarily for economic or other reasons.

And they have made it clear that reconstruction does not simply mean rebuilding the society as it was before the conflict, but also addressing the socio economic causes of the conflict.

I am not here to dwell at length on the causes of the conflict, but on its costs and consequences, since evil can originate from imperceptible man made tragedies and circumstances.

30. He added that the presence of private security companies in other countries was the result of a security vacuum resulting from the armed conflicts they had sustained and even to the fact that those conflicts had ended.

The foregoing partly explains the conflicts that have recently caused bloodbaths in many African countries.

The following basic principles are those which are generally accepted as shaping LOAC.

The World Bank and UNDP estimated the probability that a post conflict programme would fail at 50 per cent and 60 per cent, respectively, in cases where the reason for the conflict had to do with natural resources.

These constitute powerful instruments for addressing the root causes of conflict and thus preventing their re emergence.

The conflict therefore lingers on.

Participants discussed procedural rules and held a debate on the root causes of the conflict in Burundi.

Intra State conflicts are a key reason for the lack of security, of investment and of development.

For decades, Sudanese conflicts have been both a cause and a consequence of violence and instability in neighbouring countries.

We hope that the mandates of peacekeeping operations in the future will take account of the underlying causes of conflict.

18. The Rwandan conflict is thus seen as a political conflict with a strong ethnic flavour.

Gentlemen! Gentlemen!

Turning to Africa, I wish to refer to the ministerial meeting convened by the Security Council last week to consider the sources and causes of African conflicts and how to contain and resolve them.

Obstacles to preventing such conflicts related to the deep seated human rights issues often at their root, particularly for internal conflicts.