In businesses owned by men, only 15 of the employees are women, whereas, in those owned by women, women represent 64.5 of the employees.

The number of jobs generated by women owned businesses is low in relation to the number of women owned businesses, owing to the small size of this sector and the low proportion of women who work in businesses owned by men.

Percentage of all women owned micro enterprises and small businesses

The average annual rate of growth of employment in women owned businesses is 5.9 , against 9.2 for those owned by men.

The objective of the Indonesian Association of Women Entrepreneurs (IWAPI) is the empowerment of women entrepreneurs, in particular those in micro, small and medium enterprises.

Table XX Activities in which women owned businesses are concentrated

45 of all micro enterprises and small businesses in the country are owned by women and generate one third of the employment in those businesses.

274. The table below shows what activities generate most jobs in women owned businesses.

Efforts have been made toward better preparing the activity of the entrepreneurs, in particular women.

China, women run 20 percent of all small businesses.

Female independent entrepreneurs

Support to women entrepreneurs

The entity Gender Centers have also developed a training programme and support for women entrepreneurs, with the aim to enable them to independently manage the new and expanse the existing business in small and medium enterprises.

These programs include assistance in funding for small businesses, feminine empowerment courses, establishment of women only business clubs and other activities and special assistance for single mothers.

The approach focuses on enterprise development through the creation of entrepreneurial awareness, skills training, institutional capacity building and the establishment and strengthening of support services for women entrepreneurs.

In the microenterprise sector, roughly half of these small productive units are owned by women and, according to research findings, they are the poorest.

The Small Business Department of the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, recognizing women apos s importance for the country apos s social and economic development, included a project on women in small business development among its investment projects for 1995 1996.

(e) Insufficient support to women entrepreneurs, particularly in non traditional areas

The most popular courses are business administration and accounting, public administration, education sciences (83 per cent female), media studies, nursing (70 per cent female) and the humanities (see table 15).

Women s lack of assets, together with out dated social norms, is also a major barrier blocking their access to the capital they need to set up and expand small businesses. Women run start ups are most likely to become established enterprises.

In the 2005 06 budget, the Government announced measures to benefit women in home based business, mature age workers, women in the agriculture, fisheries and forestry industries, and women in small business.

Six years ago, I started writing about women entrepreneurs during and after conflict.

And in the developing world overall, That figure is 40 to 50 percent.

(b) Women and emerging entrepreneurs often have needs that are different from those of other entrepreneurs.

(g) To repeal all national penal provisions which constitute discrimination against women.

Incentives for female entrepreneurs

Swedish NGO Foundation for Human Rights

Association of Women Entrepreneurs of Karnataka

In the U.S., women owned businesses will create five and a half million new jobs by 2018.

NNAWIB strives to empower women through the promotion of small businesses.

The first practical project launched by MAWRED was the work mentoring scheme involving, in short, independent female work mentors who offer advice and guidance to new women's projects.

creating a favourable environment for women entrepreneurs, especially those starting small scale businesses

According to a report by the Vietnam Chamber of Commerce and Industry, 4 years after the introduction of the Enterprise Law, 27 of those registering their business were women and 40 of household businesses were run by women.

Female managers work more frequently in businesses with only female owners or where women belong to the group of owners.

The large bank guarantees, which some women cannot possibly provide

Women in freelance jobs and businesswomen are given the opportunity to buy voluntary social security, which is compulsory only for certain kinds of retirement.

67. Productive enterprises and the services that support their trading activities all depend on people.

1. States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to eliminate discrimination against women in the field of health care in order to ensure, on a basis of equality of men and women, access to health care services, including those related to family planning.

(c) Women in micro enterprises and small businesses

The International Trade Centre UNCTAD WTO offers one day training programmes for women entrepreneurs in the service sector that cover export preparedness, enterprise development, linkages and networking within the mainstream business community, the role of women entrepreneurs, creative leadership and economic empowerment.

41. Incoherence in the formulation of macroeconomic and enterprise specific policies is often more costly for SMEs than for larger enterprises.

Along with that, the Committee for the Support of Small Business, with an eye to encouraging women's businesses, conducts a Republic wide competition every year called Best entrepreneur of the year , in which there is a category Best woman entrepreneur. In 2003, a total of 48 women participated in the competition in that category.

A number of measures had been taken to prevent discrimination and improve women's position in the labour market, and to provide incentives to women entrepreneurs.

The complex nature of the enterprise development process

To improve women entrepreneurs' visibility and representation, including representation abroad, chambers of commerce were providing services specifically for their benefit.