(c) Occupational segregation, including concentration in traditional female occupations

91.2 of the employed women were salaried employees and only 4.6 were self employed.

Women's Occupational Distribution and Gender Segregation

Vocational training courses with high female participation rates

Rural women with a certificate of vocational education, however, account for 15 per cent of total women employed, compared with only 4 per cent in the case of males.

In the Professional category, the proportion of female staff is 41.3 per cent.

All women wage earners or spouses of wage earners are entitled to prenatal allowance from the day that pregnancy is confirmed.

Even though differences still exist in the choices girls and boys make in vocational education, there are also young women who study the so called male professions , except for those which are prohibited for women by the Occupational Health and Safety Act (underground mining, some maritime occupations, etc.).

Activities which generate the most employment in women owned businesses

Women were increasingly moving into the service sector and the number of self employed women had risen considerably.

The world of productive occupations is regarded as essentially masculine except for the occupations traditionally identified as feminine nursing, secretarial work, cooking.

While horizontal segregation prevents women from entering traditional male occupations , vertical segregation impacts on women's career development opportunities preventing them from reaching managerial positions.

Over 600,000 women worked in the informal sector, and 56 per cent of female workers were under 40 years of age.

And the problem is this Women are not making it to the top of any profession anywhere in the world.

Even though there is no explicit discrimination in the access of men and women to technical careers, a study of persons taking up such careers does show a clear cultural division or a kind of occupational orientation which is linked to the traditional patterns of quot male quot and quot female quot professions and occupations.

All women wage earners or spouses of wage earners who give birth receive medical care for an infant born alive that is duly registered in the family record book. They are entitled to a maternity allowance that is payable in three segments (article 29).

The data available based on research shows that in Bosnia and Herzegovina there exist typically female and typically male professions.

As per 1997 census, 65,7 of women against 62,8 of men is self employed.

In 2004, 54.4 per cent of higher education enrolments were female, as were 48 per cent of enrolments in the vocation, education and training sector.

These services enable working women to develop in their careers and increase the family income.

Almost half of the share of unemployed foreigners without vocational qualification did not have general school leaving certificates either (48.3 per cent men 49.0 per cent women 47.0 per cent).

The occupational group with the highest concentration of women is that of office worker women account for 70.4 per cent of this group.

In terms of employment opportunities, the open unemployment rate for women (21.6 per cent) is considerably higher than that for men (13.7 per cent).

The average annual rate of growth of employment in women owned businesses is 5.9 , against 9.2 for those owned by men.

5.1.1. quot Prospects for placing women in non traditional occupations in Panama quot (1993)

5. The designation of any honor, academic grade, professional title, office, public function, job, employment or other vocational or labour activity, whatever its origin or level, shall be expressed, when it relates to women, in the feminine gender if such is grammatically possible (Act No. 24310).

Vocational and Professional Training for Women

Both men and women journalists, at an equal percentage (42.2 and 42.9 respectively) believe that in their profession there is no equality of opportunities as far as their development is concerned.

Occupational diseases

Occupational poisoning

I talked with over 200 women. I talked to older women, younger women, married women, lesbians, single women I talked to corporate professionals, college professors, actors, sex workers I talked to African American women, Asian American women, Native American women, Caucasian women, Jewish women.

Looking at non farm employment, a comparison between men and women shows that women are more likely to perform unskilled jobs.

IFBPW International Federation of Business and Professional Women .

A 36.2 share of women claim they have been subjected to financial and occupational discriminations, because of their gender.

There is no legal bar on a married woman from choosing a family name of her choice, or a profession or occupation.

The situation with regard to gender representation was less encouraging, and women remained significantly underrepresented at the Professional levels and in senior posts.

Data made available during research show that in Bosnia and Herzegovina there still exist typical female occupations and typical male occupations.

Those jobs often follow well recognized gender stereotypical patterns in terms of what, in some contexts, are perceived as acceptable economic activities for women.

1. Technical

Professional courtesy.

Working Women apos s Forum (India)

C. Vocational job training for women

As indicated above, the training on offer does not discriminate on grounds of sex for various reasons, however, certain jobs and occupations have traditionally been preferred by women.

There were also 201 female legal interns to 120 male legal interns, and 22 women in the senior judge equivalent rank, to only 8 men.

We are not going to get to where 50 percent of the population in my generation, there will not be 50 percent of women at the top of any industry.