The funding of public and community health services also requires substantial reorganization in order to ensure a balance between investment in prevention and investment in personal remedial services.

NEW YORK Even in normal times, individual and institutional investors alike have a hard time figuring out where to invest and in what. Should one invest more in advanced or emerging economies?

(d) Alternative investments offer the opportunity for an enhanced risk return profile for a pension investment portfolio.

Portfolio management

The Government is seeking to strike the appropriate balance of investment through the formulation of a national development strategy.

The allocation of funds and the selection of operators should help to improve the geographical balance.

(b) In order to establish accountability, the Investment Management Service should either (i) ensure that the fixed income investment officer acts with greater independence in the management of the portfolio or (ii) consider outsourcing the fixed income portfolio while maintaining the investment officer to monitor the performance of the outsourced portfolio (AS2003 801 02 011)

The United Nations system for development cooperation required adequate, predictable and stable funding, and a better balance must be struck between core and non core contributions.

39. Of the three forms of private capital flow (loans, FDI and portfolio equity), FDI and portfolio equity investments are more relevant in the present context of African economies.

The seven clusters of public investment and policies for national development proposed by the Secretary General should be developed in a balanced way to reduce poverty effectively.

With regard to a multilateral agreement on investment (MAI), corporate rights and the freedom to invest must be balanced with responsibility towards employees, customers and local governments.

In post conflict situations like in Cambodia, donors need to invest evenly in building and strengthening grass roots organizations and Government institutions.

Other policy instruments must complement FDI in order to generate the resources necessary for development, and policies to attract FDI must be balanced with others in the areas of trade and finance in order to reach a healthy equilibrium of policies.

Despite our interest in attracting investments, and despite our efforts to create a climate conducive to the flow of investments, the fact still remains that investment agreements should strike a fair balance between protecting the rights of the investor, on the one hand and ensuring the rights and interests of the receiving States, on the other.

The balance between these holdings is determined by UNFPA on the advice of UNDP, which maintains the investments on behalf of UNFPA.

(b) Regional investment programme for ECO member countries.

Still, relying on FDI means governments will have to balance their expectations with those of the industry.

As stated in the report, foreign direct investment flows to Africa are meagre and lopsided, with the greater portion going to investment in natural resource exploitation, driven by a strong global demand.

There are encouraging signs of growing investor interest in African securities portfolios.

(b) General review of the portfolio in terms of average holding in relation to the size of the markets and the size of the companies

Right of the State to plan development policies (including investment regulation, protection of balance of payments, trade and sector policies)

Rebalancing the State s Balance Sheet

Investment agreements which signal that investment is valued and that all investors will be treated fairly also promote investment.

UNIDO had continued working to promote investment, and thanks to the support and trust of the countries concerned as well as to the centres established in collaboration with the Russian Federation and other countries in transition, UNIDO would be able to continue contributing to a more balanced industrial development.

Or the deposits can be investments in D.E. Shaw s funds and the loans can be the complex derivatives that make up D.E. Shaw s portfolio.

Figure 18 Cost of management of the Fund's portfolio by the Investment Management Service

27. There are three main categories of private resource flow loans, foreign direct investment (FDI), and portfolio equity investment.

Achieving the optimum balance between assistance requirements and donors' priorities should ensure an additional input of funds.

It has created 200 jobs, 20 per cent of them for women.

(d) In view of the size and diversification of the investment portfolio, the Investment Management Service should increase the number of investment managers or review the possibility of hiring additional discretionary investment advisers (AS2001 95 1 14)

Source OECD, Promoting Foreign Direct Investment in Developing Countries (Paris OECD, 1993).

In this regard, UNCTAD was encouraged to offer greater support to the OECD NEPAD Investment Initiative to improve the investment climate in African countries so as to promote both domestic and foreign direct investment.

Cooperation has been extended to investment guides for LDCs, and investment policy reviews have been conducted jointly.

Even where growth rates had picked up, macroeconomic imbalances continued, deterring private sector investment.

31. In addition, to enable investors to minimize their risks and to diversify their portfolios, there is a need to widen the investment sphere. This requires assisting the MFIs which are potentially eligible for this kind of investment in making their case vis à vis potential investors.

In measuring risk, it was also important to keep the investment objectives and time frame in mind.

Large investors diversify their asset portfolio in order to optimize their risk return ratio.

Management of environmental and social effects Leverage of international private financial resources

UNCTAD apos s experience in the area of FDI should also be used to discuss the proposals for a multilateral investment agreement, in cooperation with other international organizations such as WTO and OECD.

Specific outcomes (to be defined) will fall under the following preliminary dimensions

A combination of technical cooperation, financing investment and other inputs would be necessary.

A combination of technical cooperation, financing, investment and other inputs would be required.

(b) The split between domestic and overseas investments and the regional allocation within the overseas portfolio and the associated currency decisions

3. The Investment Management Service has two in house systems (a) a Portfolio Management System, which was installed in 1993 and (b) the Investment Control and Accounting System, which provides automated accounting for the transaction activities of the investments of the Pension Fund.

(c) Diversify the portfolio in respect of asset type, currency and geography