The beginning of joint ventures abroad by manufacturing SMEs can be traced back to two different time periods depending on the size of firms (medium sized versus small enterprises).

It is also providing technical advice and training to women entrepreneurs of Africa and in countries with economies in transition in business start up operations, particularly in the food processing, textile and garment industries.

Enhancing enterprise productivity and competitiveness (e.g. supply chain management) and Creating new enterprises (e.g. a start up company in software).

Article 18 To establish a coal mining enterprise, the following requirements shall be met

In the period of economic transformation and privatization, one of the possibilities for employment is the opening of a private business.

Eurostat organizes special training courses in structural business statistics and business registers when requested by member countries.

In certain limited business spheres the Enterprise Estonia Foundation offers start up capital to enterprises outside Tallinn that have been active for less than a year.

(b) Industry should be encouraged to advise on how to proceed, since industry would not participate in something that did not hold out the prospect of financial benefit

Enabling the creation of new enterprises

I don't want to make this as a corporate entity.

(i) The holding of additional business seminars

SMEs were constrained by lack of finance, inadequate entrepreneurial skills and training, limited access to markets and vital business information and technologies and the high cost of doing business.

Vocational training programmes had been established and women were being encouraged to start their own small businesses.

35. Expected results and success criteria. The expected results of the enterprise Africa initiative will include 20 African countries assisted in starting new entrepreneurship programmes or strengthening existing ones 5,000 entrepreneurs trained, of which at least 40 per cent will be women 150 enterprise linkages established between African SMEs and foreign companies 90 local trainers certified to implement entrepreneurship workshops 200 entrepreneurship workshops organized.

The Agency has developed a fast growing microfinance and microenterprise programme, which assists in developing the entrepreneurial skills, income generating capacity and self reliance of the refugees.

She welcomed the efforts of the Italian Government to promote female entrepreneurship.

We have corporates that have stood behind us, and we are able to, now, open more schools.

Another project entailed training courses for women on how to start and run their own small business, supplemented by small start up loan programmes.

Women s lack of assets, together with out dated social norms, is also a major barrier blocking their access to the capital they need to set up and expand small businesses. Women run start ups are most likely to become established enterprises.

The average size of the loan is Rs. 10,000 (US 180 ) and the loans are usually used to start a small business.

The Viet Nam Association of Young Entrepreneurs provides assistance to young people in starting up and running their businesses.

creating a favourable environment for women entrepreneurs, especially those starting small scale businesses

In the product market, a firm competes with other firms for market shares.

Enterprise web development framework using Python

(1) coal mining enterprises that are examined and approved for establishment by the State Council and those that are, in accordance with law, subject to examination and approval for establishment by the department in charge of the coal industry under the State Council and

An alternative is the membership of SMEs in an umbrella body representing business as a whole, with the creation of an SME Committee to articulate SME interest.

Two or more enterprises create a joint enterprise by setting up a new company.

Science and technology parks and business incubators are an effective means of commercializing research and creating start up enterprises.

(iii) The development of innovation, entrepreneurial and technological capabilities as essential inputs for the development and growth of enterprises

This would imply, among other things, reducing subsidies and other policy measures which favour large enterprises and discriminate against SMEs, simplifying regulations and administrative procedures for business start ups and development and enacting new legislation to deal with gaps or inconsistencies in business laws.

A business process approach should be taken to resolve this problem.

A number of start your own business courses for potential entrepreneurs, and potential trainers, in cooperation with local institutions, have been conducted since 1990.

UNIDO also provided support to Kyrgyzstan by assisting the start up and initial operation of a small business development centre in Bishkek.

The coal mining enterprise that has obtained approval for establishment shall, by virtue of the document of approval, be issued the mining license by the department in charge of geology and mineral resources.

Other initiatives supported by the Bank on a pilot basis include equity financing and technological and management support through joint ventures (for example, with indigenously owned enterprises in developed countries) and other equity financing mechanisms.

Opening or maintaining a dialogue between the Government and enterprises was an important measure favouring the growth of enterprises.

Measured as in house R D expenses as a percentage of sales to represent firm's indigenous technological activities.

Together with the United Nations Office for Project Services, UNDP continued to implement community activation programmes, that help communities to start small scale businesses.

SENA is funded by contributions from private business.

Similarly, without creating business and consumer confidence by restoring fiscal control, the use of incentives to stimulate entrepreneurship and business start ups may not be enough.

(e) Availability to trade unions of premises furnished by the enterprise to the extent of its resources

The latter function would permit the Trade Point to develop its activities in support of micro, small and medium size enterprises.

I see an important direction for this policy in expanding the number of owners, creating opportunities for all wishing to do so to open their own business.

Women that are ready to start a private business must completely focus themselves towards an independent strategy of finding starting capital.

It also assists and facilitates women's access to credit facilities, profitable markets and to services which may enable them to become entrepreneurs.