30. The Government has reformed the tax structure, reducing overall rates while widening coverage through improved efficiency in collection.

Total business receipts (subject to gross revenue tax) rose by 7.8 per cent in 1996 to 5,612.9 million.

Income is derived from business taxes and duties imposed at the airport and seaport of Kismaayo, which make up the majority of the total earnings.

In many developing countries, total tax revenue is derived from three main sources domestic taxes on goods and services (sales and excise taxes), direct taxes (primarily on corporations), and, most important, taxes on foreign trade (import duties). But, as trade liberalization has lowered tariffs and duties, the share of trade taxes has declined, while other sources have not compensated for falling trade revenue.

336. In general the incomes of a couple are subject to separate taxation.

Taxes, revenues, uncollectible taxes and tax credits

1. Taxation and customs

In many countries, tax reform has already significantly increased the share of direct taxes in overall revenue. Raising tax rates for the wealthiest citizens in developing a more progressive income tax framework would bolster this progress.

There are no income, estate or capital gains taxes.

The tax system should be reformed by increasing reliance on income progressive taxes, restructuring the property tax and introducing reasonably progressive taxes.

127. Periodical benefits are liable to taxation. Lump sum payments are not taxed as income.

In its budget for 2004 05, the National Transitional Government of Liberia expected to collect 22 per cent ( 17.28 million) of total Government revenue from corporate and personal income taxes.

54. Ms. Ng (Panama) asked whether there was any legal basis for the United Nations Gift Centre at Headquarters charging tax on sales and whether tax had ever been charged in the past.

Tax revenue

There is no income tax, and customs duties account for about 35 per cent of government revenues other significant revenue sources are company fees, land and stamp taxes, employment tax, a hospital levy, vehicle licence fees and taxes on hotel occupancy, passenger departures and cigarette sales.

It aims to increase revenue, which is the main contributor to overall Government revenues in most countries, by ensuring that all goods are declared, that duty tax calculations are correct and uniform throughout the country and that exemptions are properly managed.

For the first time since Dayton, new revenue distribution arrangements (customs revenues and most excise and sales tax revenues) have been launched.

Today, a reporter learned from the State Administration of Taxation (SAT) that as of the end of June this year, the tax authorities at all levels have announced a total of 2,470 illegal blacklist cases.

Revenue from businesses and entry taxes

Collection and grants Allocated non fiscal revenue

3. import duties and domestic taxes.

However, in the case of common ownership by a couple, there is a possibility to deduct tax at a rate corresponding to half of the total income of the couple (splitting system).

19. Public finances are characterized by a large structural deficit. The State s tax receipts remained low in 1996, at 12.8 per cent of GDP and came essentially from indirect taxes on foreign trade. This is due to the overall weakness of the economy.

The total tax burden on families also includes sales taxes, which are steeply regressive, and property taxes, which are progressive. Total personal taxes are mildly progressive, increasing steadily as a share of income from 14 at the 10th percentile to 28 at the 90th percentile, but then falling off sharply to 22 at the top, owing to the favorable treatment of capital gains and investment income, the wage cap on social security taxes, and the sharp regressivity of sales taxes.

Saved by Taxes

Taxing Tissue

State Revenues Act.

Municipal Revenues Act.

Alternative types of taxation

President Barack Obama s proposed alternative to the fiscal cliff would substantially increase tax rates and limit tax deductions for the top 2 of earners, who now pay more than 45 of total federal personal income taxes. His budget would also increase taxes on corporations, and would end the current payroll tax holiday, imposing an additional 2 tax on all wage earners.

Government revenue collection agents in several counties informed the team that all taxes collected were transported to the Ministry of Finance head office in Monrovia.

For these reasons, Obama is championing a revenue neutral reform that would leave corporate tax revenues unchanged, with the proposed rate cut financed by limiting deductions, credits, and loopholes, which would broaden the tax base.

(a) As tariff barriers decline, it is important to find other revenue sources in place of falling trade tax revenue since, in several African countries, such revenue remains a significant part of total revenue. During the transition to non trade sources of revenue, aid flows, aimed at replacing revenue shortfalls from trade liberalization, could be very useful

General carbon taxes are under consideration, and a shift towards taxing the use rather than the purchase of cars is foreseen.

Taxation and determining location of the parties

1. Income tax.

All items should be exempt from tax and customs duty.

So here is an idea that might work politically Let taxpayers keep all of the current tax expenditures, but limit the total amount by which each taxpayer can reduce his or her tax liability in this way.

Moreover, since the tight restrictions on some imports were accompanied by low or zero tariffs on others, the average tariff rate and overall coverage were quite low.

Capital tax differences among countries would induce capital to flow from the high tax to the low tax economies.

China could usefully explore shifting part of the burden from labor toward property, capital gains, and inheritance taxes. Larger dividends paid to the budget from the highly profitable state enterprise sector could also provide an alternative source of funds.

One key idea was to lighten the tax burden on labor . Taking into account the personal income tax and various social contributions, taxation of labor income in China is too high . To be sure, taxes are needed to finance social spending, but revenue sources other than taxes on labor income could do the job. China could usefully explore shifting part of the burden from labor toward property, capital gains, and inheritance taxes.

Domestically, however, a certain sense of confidence has re emerged, and, in the last few months, there has been a significant increase in the tax yield, the result of greater strictness in the collection of customs duties and taxes.

The overall poverty rate (Low Income Cutoffs After Tax) for Newfoundland and Labrador has decreased from 12.8 percent in 2000 to 9.6 percent in 2002.

It has lower taxes.