Implications of the establishment of new hydrochlorofluorocarbon 22 (HCFC 22) facilities seeking to obtain certified emission reductions for the destruction of hydrofluorocarbon 23 (HFC 23)

The 1998 Declaration on HCFCs, HFCs and PFCs could also usefully be revisited.

(a) Reducing international trafficking of existing chlorofluorocarbons and ensuring a timely phase out of methyl bromide and hydrofluorocarbons

In domestic refrigeration he stated that HFC 134a and hydrocarbons continued to be dominant alternatives.

HFC hydrofluorocarbon

Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)

In conclusion, he called for Parties to the Montreal Protocol to instruct the Executive Committee of the Multilateral Fund to cease funding new HCFC and HFC projects, and to review those for which funding had been agreed but had not yet been implemented, to introduce a second round of funding for phase out of HCFCs and HFCs, to accelerate phase out of HCFCs and, in collaboration with the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, to place a global cap on production of HFCs.

UNIDO's priorities in this area will therefore be as follows

Hydrochlorofluorocarbon, chillers and destruction technologies

Mr. Kuijpers noted that related gases (CFCs, HFCs, HCFCs and PFCs) were used in a variety of sectors, including refrigeration and air conditioning, foams, medical aerosols, fire protection and non medical aerosols.

However, it was expected that HFC 134a production would continue to increase in developed countries, while at the same time non HFC alternatives would increasingly be introduced.

(f) Limitation of the production and consumption of PFC, HFC and SF6 and

He predicted that hydrocarbons were likely to be the predominant blowing agent in the medium term, while noting that reliance on limited numbers of production sites for key HFCs was posing a challenge to the transition from HCFCs in some regions.

(c) Limitation of the production and consumption of PFC, HFC and SF6 and

Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) Industrial processes

Limitation and reduction of emissions of hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons and sulphur hexafluoride. Annex B

Ms Solomon then reviewed an evaluation of the mobile air conditioning sector, which showed the growth of use of HFC 134a and the need to consider end of life management issues for both CFCs and HFCs.

The Secretariat will update the Parties on submissions that have been made pursuant to decision XV 3, as well as other actions that have taken place under this decision.

(xi) Limit and or reduce emissions of hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons and sulphur hexafluoride

More limited production and consumption of HCFC 22 in the period prior to phase out would further protect the ozone layer and reduce greenhouse gas emissions of HCFC 22 and HFC 23 produced as an unwanted by product of HCFC 22 production.

Total emissions of HFCs, PFCs and SF6 (gigagrams of CO2 equivalent)

Parties that made HFC projections for 2000 expect a considerable growth, while PFC projections show a decreasing trend.

The hydrogen is still in back, and you have the fluorine above it.

Eighteen Parties (15 per cent) provided estimates of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and or sulphur hexafluoride (SF6).

Other representatives drew attention to the fact that funding was available under the clean development mechanism of the Kyoto Protocol for projects involving HFC 23, which is produced in HCFC 22 production as a by product.

Iran points out that some of the hydrocarbons, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, are very toxic.

Many Parties mentioned in this regard the substitution of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) by HFCs.

The report showed that up to 60 per cent of current emissions from HFC uses could be avoided through strategies such as containment, proper servicing and training of personnel, illustrating the value of responsible use of HFCs.

Most Parties reported emissions of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6), although not uniformly.

From the point of view of prevention of illegal trade it is very important that HCFCs are included since otherwise CFCs could be traded under trade names and customs codes of HCFCs, thereby escaping by and large customs controls.

Industrial processes Most of the Parties reported emissions of the new gases, hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6).

Emissions of HFCs have increased significantly since 1990, with many Parties remarking on the increasing use of HFCs as replacements for ozone depleting substances.

He noted that while the amounts of CFCs held in banks were decreasing, the amounts of HFC and HCFCs in banks were expanding, and that there were no regulatory obligations under either the Montreal Protocol or the Kyoto Protocol to restrict emissions from banked material.

With regard to HFCs and PFCs, he noted that while there was no published data to enable accurate projection of future production capacities, it was expected that the production capacity for HFCs would meet demand, and that it would grow over time, particularly in developing countries.

HFC, PFC and SF6 should be added no later than 2000 to the basket of gases for the above reduction objectives.

From 1990 to 1995 the relative shares of the gases did not change significantly, with the exception of HFCs, PFCs and SF6.

This is due to a decrease in the emission of CFCs and, particularly, to a stabilization of HCFC emissions between 2002 and 2015.

The emissions of other GHGs (HFCs, PFCs, SF6) are expected to grow significantly, especially after 2000.

HFC emissions could reach as much as 20 25 per cent of CO2 emissions over the period 2015 2100.

47. In reaction to the depletion of the ozone layer, many industries in Malta had resorted to chlorothoro carbon substitutes.

3 The anthropogenically produced greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide (CO2) methane (CH4) nitrous oxide (N2O) hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6).

At a minimum, information should be provided on the following greenhouse gases carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6).

While actions taken under the Montreal Protocol had so far led to a reduction in greenhouse gases, this was little cause for rejoicing, as much more could have been achieved if the Multilateral Fund had not funded so many HCFC and HFC alternatives to CFCs.

In addition, enhanced HFC 134a systems were being developed to help with energy efficiency and reduce emissions.

CH4 and N2O accounted for 11 per cent and 4 per cent of total emissions, while emissions of HFCs, PFCs and SF6 taken together were 1.8 per cent of total emissions.