The observation that stem cells, as master cells, could give rise to a whole variety of different cell types heart cells, liver cells, pancreatic islet cells captured the attention of the media and the imagination of the public.

And here is the limitation adult stem cells are mature cells, and, like mature human beings, these cells are more restricted in their thought and more restricted in their behavior and are unable to give rise to the wide variety of specialized cell types, as embryonic stem cells can .

The second protocell has a different chemistry inside, and when activated, the protocells all come together and they fuse into one big one. Right?

So, I added these protocells together to the system, and protocell A and protocell B fused together to form a hybrid protocell AB.

Fat derived stem cells are adult stem cells.

But adult stem cells are not embryonic stem cells.

In effect, the cancer cell was forgetting it was cancer and becoming a normal cell.

Liver cells, nerve cells, pancreatic cells we still can't grow them even today.

In the lab, we micro pattern channels in the biomaterials on which we grow the cells, and this allows us to flow the cell culture media, the cells' food, through the scaffolds where we're growing the cells a lot like what you might expect from a capillary bed in the heart.

So, 10 times more bacterial cells than human cells on a human being.

We thought that maybe nitric oxide affected cell death, and how cells survive, and their resistance to other things.

Now both of these kinds of cells can make the place cells fire.

The immune cells developed into the tolerance promoting cells.

It's acting only as a cell delivery vehicle.

Whereas a skin cell or a liver cell, for instance, can reproduce only more skin or liver, stem cells, which are the most robust at the beginning of human development, are master cells. As a fertilized egg turns into an embryo, and then a fetus, those initial stem cells somehow show their daughter cells how to become skin, liver, eye, or bone.

This was done in Japan and in the U.S., published at the same time, and it rebooted skin cells into stem cells, last year.

But she also found osteocytes, which are the cells that laid down the bones.

Watch when these two large protocells, the hybrid ones, fuse together.

Serves me right for not being musical.

But if you saw this protocell, you would not confuse this with something that was actually alive.

These glial cells become activated.

We take muscle cells, we paste, or coat the outside with these muscle cells, very much like baking a layer cake, if you will.

And in our lab, we are focused on taking fat and reprogramming mounds of fat into fountains of youthful cells cells that we may use to then form other, more specialized, cells, which one day may be used as cell transplants.

They discovered that adult cells, taken from you and me, could be reprogrammed back into embryonic like cells, which they termed IPS cells, or induced pluripotent stem cells.

Like, take, for instance, your pacemaker cells in your heart right now.

The cells are kind of homesick the dish doesn't feel like their home.

The second challenge was cells.

I believe matter begets life life becomes single cells single cells become strings strings become chains chains network.

Because what happened in the beginning, this stuff encases itself in a cell, then cells start hanging out together in societies.

Accordingly, the Panel recommends no compensation for this part of the first claim unit.

And they will either enter into this so called cellular suicide, programmed cell death, or they will form unhealthy daughter cells and enter into apoptosis once they have divided.

And what MyoD essentially does is, it causes cells to differentiate into muscle cells. So this compound, MyoD, has been tested on a lot of different cell types and been shown to actually convert this variety of cell types into skeletal muscle cells.

They could have a mental image of the cell as a large, bustling, hugely complicated city that's occupied by micro machines.

And I focused my research on stem cells as a possible source for cell transplants.

The hippocampus is formed of two sheets of cells, which are very densely interconnected.

Audience I was told that many of the brain cells we have as adults are actually in the human embryo, and that the brain cells last 80 years or so.

And you do that by measuring the relative activation of the left prefrontal cortex in the fMRI, versus the right prefrontal cortex.

And the reason is that cancer, like every cell in the body, places little molecular bookmarks, little Post it notes, that remind the cell I'm cancer I should keep growing.

Of course what that allows bacteria to do is to be multicellular.

For this fish, it's actually whole cells with nuclei and membranes.

You can make some sort of a biofuel cell.

This is a normal cell. This is a cancer cell.

Adult stem cells are throughout our body, including the blood forming stem cells in our bone marrow, which we've been using as a form of stem cell therapy for over 40 years.

And we prefer cells that will not reject and will not form tumors.

We then take the cells, the vascular cells, blood vessel cells, we perfuse the vascular tree with the patient's own cells.