Belgium noted that the process for seeking redress varied from 1 month to more than 36 months.

Other remedies available to the victim include access to administrative and other bodies, as well as mechanisms, modalities and proceedings conducted in accordance with domestic law.

(b) Take measures to minimize the inconvenience to victims and their representatives, protect against unlawful interference with their privacy as appropriate and ensure their safety from intimidation and retaliation, as well as that of their families and witnesses, before, during and after judicial, administrative, or other proceedings that affect the interests of victims

Recourse proceedings, though not a remedy in themselves, make it possible to achieve a remedy.

Twenty seven States reported that the law guaranteed that victims were treated fairly, informed of their rights to seek redress and involved in the process to obtain redress.

Procedural issues Exhaustion of domestic remedies

CHAPTER III. RECOGNITION OF A FOREIGN PROCEEDING

CHAPTER III. RECOGNITION OF A FOREIGN PROCEEDING AND RELIEF

Other remedies available to the victim include access to administrative and other bodies, as well as mechanisms, modalities and proceedings conducted in accordance with domestic law.

Procedural issues Non exhaustion of domestic remedies

Procedural issues Exhaustion of domestic remedies

Article 15. Relief upon application for recognition

of a foreign proceeding 17 23 6 Article 16.

Article 13. Recognition of a foreign proceeding for the

Article 15. Relief upon application for recognition of a foreign proceeding

quot (2) The court may refuse to grant relief in respect of a foreign non main proceeding if such relief would interfere with the administration of a foreign main proceeding. quot

Procedural issues Non exhaustion of domestic remedies

Article 17. Relief that may be granted upon recognition of a foreign proceeding

(4) The court may refuse to grant relief under this article if such relief would interfere with the administration of a foreign main proceeding. Article 16.

(4) The court may refuse to grant relief under this article if such relief would interfere with the administration of a foreign main proceeding.

Relief envisaged by article 17 may be granted upon recognition of the foreign proceeding (unlike relief under article 15, which is available upon application for recognition).

the Model Provisions present to enacting States the possibility of aligning the relief resulting from recognition of a foreign proceeding with the relief available in a comparable proceeding in the national law

Effective complaints procedures and remedies, including compensation, should be provided.

. On the question related to the possibility for the victim to obtain redress through formal or informal procedures, by judicial and administrative mechanisms, all responding States indicated that victims of crimes were able, in principle, to seek redress through formal or informal means.

One particular factor to be taken into account in adapting relief to the circumstances of the case is whether the relief is for a foreign main or non main proceeding.

Article 17. Relief upon recognition of a foreign main or non main proceeding

Article 17. Relief that may be granted upon recognition of a foreign proceeding

Questions were raised as to whether the relief provided in article 12 was of a permanent or a temporary nature.

A. Redress 10 4

A. Redress

However, it is the Committee's constant jurisprudence that the rule of exhaustion applies only to the extent that those remedies are effective and available.

Australia said that there were disparities in the laws and practices within its nine jurisdictions in most of the jurisdictions the process lasted less than one year, while in Queensland, depending on the circumstances, the procedure took from 1 month to more than 36 months.

Procedural issues Exhaustion of domestic remedies, abuse of right of submission

(a) The adoption of additional rules and procedures

. Most of the States indicated that the procedures that enabled victims to obtain redress ensured that they did not have to pay for the administrative or judicial procedures to obtain redress.

6. Remedies, compensation and restitution

Nonetheless, the State was determined to create mechanisms to remedy the situation.

The working group proposed that the subjects of the right to an effective remedy and transitional justice be included in the provisional agenda for its next session.

(1) Ordinary remedies

G. Remedial measures

F. Remedial measures

Remediable way?

I'll make up for it!

Procedural issues Non exhaustion of domestic remedies lack of substantiation

Procedural issues Exhaustion of domestic remedies substantiation of the complaint