Article 48 Securities lending and borrowing referred to in this article means that in the securities trading at the stock exchange or other securities trading places that have been approved by the State Council, securities firms lend capital or securities to customers for them to buy or sell securities based on the corresponding collaterals provided by the customers.

Fees on securities lending and reversible gold transactions

Article 56 Where a securities firm carries out securities lending and borrowing but does not have sufficient funds or securities, it can borrow from the securities financial companies.

Traded loans (borderline between securities and other financial instruments)

(e) The transfer of security rights in, sale, loan or holding of or agreement to repurchase securities or other financial assets or instruments held with an intermediary

Bond lending involves diversified groups of bond holders, including domestic residents, and can be issued under different jurisdictions.

In the old days, when borrowers found it impossible to make their payments, mortgages would be restructured foreclosures were bad for both the borrower and the lender. Securitization made debt restructuring difficult, if not impossible.

Several possibilities were considered, including loans guaranteed by Member States, borrowing against the assets of the Organization and a bond offering.

A more active role could be taken by these institutions in promoting innovations in development financing, including promoting public private partnerships and lending in domestic currencies of developing countries, as well as in commodity or gross domestic product linked lending. The securitization of such lending can serve as the basis upon which to make an international market for these assets of developing countries.

Expanding local currency bond markets could expedite a shift from dollar denominated cross border loans to local currency loans, bringing benefits to both investors and borrowers.

This suggests that net private borrowing using debt instruments has been rather small over this recent period.

Borrowing

The international financing facility would help to overcome that difficulty by allowing early disbursement of assistance, using a borrowing mechanism under which participating States would securitize their commitments of future ODA on the bond market.

It also reflects the flight of portfolio funds and short term bank lending, the latter having caused major banking and corporate liquidity crises in the countries losing the funds.

Borrower

(3) Where a securities firm does not report its security self operation accounts or portfolio accounts of its clients to a security exchange for file according to provisions

Article 41 A securities firm engaged in securities business for its own account is limited to trading of legally issued stocks, bonds, warrants, securities investment funds or other securities recognized by the securities regulatory agency under the State Council.

The ECB has already attempted to ease credit conditions by purchasing high quality asset backed securities. It has bought securities backed by cash flows from private sector mortgages, so called covered bonds, and it has floated the idea of buying corporate bonds and multilateral securities issued by the European Investment Bank.

Security

Securities...

She may make use of this income to acquire real estate or bearer securities, and may transfer the property so acquired as well as borrow against it and mortgage it.

Solidarity group lending programme

The same reckless lending practices no down payments, no verification of borrowers incomes and assets, interest rate only mortgages, negative amortization, teaser rates occurred in more than 50 of all US mortgages in 2005 2007. Because securitization meant that banks were not carrying the risk and earned fees for transactions, they no longer cared about the quality of their lending.

The securities broker should have securities working qualification.

Supplies of private sector securities are limited, reflecting the dominance of bank lending in Europe and depressed sentiment in securitization markets. Augmenting the supply of such securities will take time, which is not something European policymakers possess.

The securities business license should be written with business scope of such securities firm or its domestic branch.

Without securities business license, the securities firm and its domestic branch shall not run securities business.

39. Of the three forms of private capital flow (loans, FDI and portfolio equity), FDI and portfolio equity investments are more relevant in the present context of African economies.

The funds for securities investment and other similar funds as held by an enterprise shall not be classified as a loan or account receivable.

Securities account opened by the securities firm for securities assets management customer should be submitted to stock exchange for filing within 3 trading days.

Article 76 A securities firm shall undertake real time monitoring on trading behaviors of its self operation accounts and portfolio management accounts.

Article 42 When a securities firm is engaged in self run business, it should use self run securities accounts with its true name.

The securities firm should sign entrustment contracts with securities brokers who accept such entrustment, issue securities broker certificate, define authorized scope of securities broker and supervise working behavior of securities broker.

As a result, mortgage brokers maximize their income by generating larger volumes of mortgages, as do the banks that package these loans into mortgage backed securities (MBS s). Investment banks then earn fees for re packaging these securities in tranches of collateralized debt obligations, or CDO s (and sometimes into CDO s of CDO s).

Select Borrower

Specific measures for administration shall be formulated by the securities regulatory agency under the State Council.

(5) Securities service agencies provided services for a securities firm.

These countries have little access to bond markets and to medium to long term commercial bank lending.

Article 44 If a securities firm is engaged in self run securities business, its risk controlling indicators such as ratio of total securities value and company net capital, ratio of value of one type of securities and net corporate capital, and ratio of quantity of one type of securities and total issuing quantity of this type of securities should comply with prescription of the securities regulatory agency under the State Council.

Yet Eurobonds would substantially reduce the heavily indebted countries borrowing costs and go a long way to reestablishing a level playing field in the eurozone. Germany s credit rating would not be endangered, because Eurobonds would compare favorably with bonds issued by other major countries.

Article 32 A securities firm should establish information inquiring system to ensure customers inquiring entrustment record, trading record, securities and balance during business hours of the securities firm, as well as other information such as name, practice license of the business operator and securities broker of the securities firm, certificate number of securities broker, etc.

Securities brokers should work within authorized scope of the securities firm and show securities broker certificates to customer.

Delete security

Create security

(d) Consumer Lending (CLP)