Financial reforms in developing countries have sometimes been interpreted only in terms of increasing liberalization of markets.

Those efforts included economic reforms, the liberalization of financial markets and acceleration of privatization programmes.

Financial reforms also require the adoption of new regulations for the markets in order to anticipate the negative consequences of new challenges.

Money Market

Reforms in factor markets labor, land, and finance are essential. China s leaders must improve labor market flexibility and labor mobility make land use, acquisition, and compensation more efficient and build a more market based financial system.

Energy market reform

Reinventing Europe s Financial Markets

Financial Reform s Breakthrough Year

Domestic financial markets and institutions

International trade and financial markets

They should also focus on the need for improved income distribution and creation of new assets, adjustment of the education system to labour market needs and on financial reforms.

Is Global Financial Reform Possible?

Why No Glass Steagall II?

Fraud, Fools, and Financial Markets

Financial and Capital Market Commission

There are also financial reforms in rural China.

Reform in the financial sector should aim to remove all institutional impediments responsible for the financial repression that currently exists in some countries and to create properly functioning and better integrated capital markets.

And, yes, financial markets require close supervision and regulation. But what is true of financial markets need not be true of other markets.

Training MFIs in on how to mobilize funds on the international financial market

Europe also has much to gain from ongoing financial integration with the eventual goal of a truly pan European financial market. Greater market access, market reform, and efforts at regulatory harmonization including those under the EU's Financial Services Action Plan should help advance this trend.

If health insurance exchanges don t work, we can always reconsider the public option. But if the initial approach to financial reform doesn t work, we face the prospect of another financial crisis every bit as serious as the last.

All of these steps will contribute to sustainable domestic growth and a more stable global financial system. Other major emerging economies policymakers would be wise to act with the same purpose in mind.

Euro zone countries reaffirmed their intention to press ahead with structural reforms across a broad front, in product, labor, and financial markets.

Public finance reform and modernization

It was the liberalization of international financial markets.

When Financial Markets Misread Politics

Financial mechanisms and market based instruments

7. Recognizes the progress made in improving risk management and transparency in international financial markets, such as the International Monetary Fund apos s improved surveillance capacities, standards for the provision of economic and financial information to markets and the creation of an emergency financing mechanism

For this, market based reforms need to be supported.

Apart from that, the international financial architecture should also be reformed.

Table 1.

Calls for effective representation of the developing and emerging market economies in the consultations and decision making on the reforms of the international financial architecture.

It is time to broaden the agenda of global financial reform, which so far has focused on an essential but still limited set of issues, particularly financial regulation. Reform of the global reserve system must be part of that broader agenda.

In order to protect the interests of investors better, China now must find ways to ensure such cooperation among its existing financial regulators, including by revamping the relevant institutions. As it pursues far reaching financial sector reform, now is the time to do so.

Moreover, money laundering distorts financial markets, discouraging foreign direct investment as a result of the damaged integrity of financial institutions.

Will Banks and Financial Markets Recover in 2009?

The impact of an increase in the retirement age on unemployment could be offset to some extent by implementing pension reforms along with labour market reforms to increase the flexibility of the labour market.

A wide range of legislative reforms are being processed to create land markets and mobilize funds for the housing sector.

Such conditions, together with fiscal incentives and financial market regulations, will help to mobilize savings, develop financial institutions and markets and encourage investment.

Particular attention should be paid to capital flows so that the global financial market does not develop into a world financial casino .

Financial markets were currently able to condition and modify national economic policies and could force exchange rate adjustments or even impose a change of the exchange rate regime they could also increase the volatility of the prices of financial assets, generating or increasing imbalances that might lead to inflation and recession.

Article 51As for the financial assets or financial liabilities for which there is an active market, the quoted prices in the active market shall be used to determine the fair values thereof.

Global financial integration and imbalances in financial and money markets had adversely affected many countries, particularly emerging market economies.

The reform process was often inspired by international financial institutions.

We create financial markets that are super complex.