Significantly broaden distribution via retail and the Internet.

Producers are also engaging in direct sales to consumers through on line retailing, bypassing retailers.

In particular, online retail sales of physical goods amounted to approximately RMB5.08 trillion, while online retail sales of services amounted to nearly RMB1.49 trillion.

In 2000, 70 per cent of the global top retailers already operated a transactional web site.

Retail trade 353

Retail fuel dealers

The distribution sector includes commission agents, wholesalers and retailers who act as enablers of trade.

The retail sector includes two main types of retailers store and non store retailers.

The Euro Retailer Produce Working Group (EUREP) is a European based trade organization for retailers.

(b) Drive sales of UNICEF cards and gifts with a special focus on broadening their distribution through retailers and the Internet

Criminal groups attack the websites of web retailers and Internet payment systems, extorting payment to make the attacks cease.

With 15 million retail outlets, India has the highest retail outlet density in the world.

Informal retailers could become the suppliers or the customers of formal retailers, or their franchises.

On line retailing is still in its infancy and represents a minor share of total sales, but it is significant for selected products, such as books and computers.

Retailers are distributors selling to end consumers.

The top 100 retailers (see table 3) account for 25 per cent of worldwide retailing sales.

(d) Importation wholesale and retail businesses (foreign country).

Some products enter the market through wholesalers who in turn distribute the products to a variety of retailers, while in other cases the producer sells directly to the retailer.

Retailers are able to access and tap different cost structures in different countries and are becoming global.

In Europe, for example, on line retailing accounts for 2 per cent of total grocery sales, but it is growing by 50 per cent annually.

By contrast, Alibaba (which owns marketplaces such as Taobao) and 360buy.com (which focuses on electronics) rank among China s top ten retailers, and already provide national coverage through the reach of express delivery companies. As a result, China s retail sector seems more likely to follow a two stage development path, with e tailers emerging as the major national players.

In most countries, the retail sector has typically developed in three stages first, local or regional players dominate, before a smaller number of national companies takes over, with e tailers ultimately challenging traditional businesses. But China lacks national leaders, with the top five Chinese retailers in different product categories commanding less than 20 of the market, compared to up to 60 in the US.

Growing use by retailers of own brands and discount retailing have also been driving prices down significantly.

There are different retailing formats corner store, cash and carries, convenience stores, specialized stores, department stores, discount stores, hypermarkets, superstores, supermarkets, warehouse clubs, supercentres, mail order catalogue sales, and virtual stores.

Wholesale has been internationalized to a greater extent than retail trade, mostly through investments made by producers in their own distribution networks, for example in respect of home appliances and automobiles.

Multiport Ship Agencies Network

A review of the retail sector in the last 20 years has revealed that the rise of e commerce was similar to the emergence of discount retailers many years ago both were focused on price and convenience.

Given the rapid growth of pharmaceutical retailers, including private stores (accounting for 72 of the retail market), a supply network was well in place to provide essential medicines to communes and wards in remote and mountainous areas and islands, which meets the WHO's standards.

Foreign sales represent a significant share in total sales of the main European retailers.

In the area of retail, the increasing popularity of modern format large shops, for example retail outlets outside city centres, has given rise to concerns about small shops vanishing.

I'd put out feelers to retailers, to auctioneers, and it was coming up empty.

Eventually, they themselves become formal retailers.

Monitoring of retailers could also be of value.

While the first operates fixed point of sale locations, non store retailers or retailers away from a fixed location reach customers and market merchandise with methods such as broadcasting infomercials , paper and electronic catalogues, door to door solicitation and selling from portable stalls.

From a global perspective, both retailers and e commerce firms are transforming from a single channel to a multi channel retail system that encompasses physical stores, e commerce, mobile terminals and social media.

According to other views, a much smaller market share, as low as 8 per cent, could suffice for a retailer to have market power.

The dominant market position of large retailers has been strengthened through cross border buying alliances among nominally independent retailers.

The retailers have kind of quashed this notion though.

They handle products in bulk but do not own them, delivering them to wholesalers, retailers or other individual users.

Online sales are less common in retail trade (B2C) or in services' industries, with sales accounting for only 1.7 and 1 per cent of total sales, respectively.

Despite a broadband penetration rate of only 30 , e tail commanded 5 6 of total retail sales in China in 2012, on par with the US. And the sector is already profitable Chinese e tailers are logging margins of 8 10 of earnings before interest, taxes, and amortization, which is slightly larger than the average margin for physical retailers.

In the case of Colombia, for example in 1995 small retail establishments accounted for approximately 47 per cent of total retail sales, down from more than 75 per cent in 1985.

There are few modern retail stores, and these are concentrated in urban areas.

It is primarily a company that manufactures, bottles and resells the finished product to wholesalers and retailers in Costa Rica.

Store retail services can be classified according to size, business format, and product mix or specialization.