In April 1997, five companies obtained ISO 14001 certification, i.e. one car manufacturer and four public utility companies.

In a 1996 survey, 51 per cent of companies expressed an interest in ISO 14001 certification.

However, some experts expected that new trading opportunities will be opened if companies have ISO 14001 certification.

The companies were generally among the first to obtain ISO 9000 certification of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).

Fifty six companies in the chemical, electronics, cement and construction sectors have acquired ISO 14001 certificates, and a significant number of companies (mostly large ones) are preparing for certification.

The ISO 14001 standard may result in a de facto barrier to trade if companies have difficulties in obtaining certification.

The Government has played a dominant role in promoting ISO 14001, including providing grants to defray costs for companies seeking certification.

Two hundred preliminary auditors were trained, and experimental certification audits were carried out to assist companies in setting up their own EMS.

NEPA has developed pilot programmes for ISO 14001 certification, training programmes for auditors and companies, as well as general awareness raising programmes.

The advantages of certification include its potential clearly to distinguish those companies that have achieved high levels of performance (as defined by the standards).

Certification may also increase shareholder value, and this is, for example, one reason why companies in the process of privatization are interested in EMS.

In Europe and the United States, companies appear to have adopted a quot wait and see quot attitude, in particular with regard to certification.

Despite the proliferation of certification schemes, however, very little ground has been covered in terms of creating a critical mass of companies that have been certified.

In a recent UNIDO survey, most respondents felt that the Government should bear the costs of awareness building, leaving companies with the implementation and certification costs.

Certification

For example, in Australia, the government sector recently dropped requirements for ISO 9000 certification, since experience had indicated that making certification mandatory for government purchasing caused significant market distortions, as small companies could not afford certification and, most significantly, competition was reduced.Dianne Gayler, quot Implementation of Environmental Management Standards in Australia quot , paper presented at the APEC Seminar.

In April 1997 four Brazilian companies obtained ISO 14001 certification and eight Brazilian companies were about to be ISO 14000 certified, while 50 companies had adopted EMS that are quot ISO 14000 compatible quot .CBI News Bulletin, June 1997, Centre for the Promotion of Imports from developing countries, Rotterdam, Netherlands.

Police certification

Certification canceled.

Certification successful.

20. Commercial companies were also available to set up quality control systems or to provide third party testing and certification of produce to comply with import market requirements.

After more than 10 years of development since 2004, the service certification project in our country had gone through a process of developing from scratch. A series of influential service certification had appeared, including the financial service certification, mother and baby nursing service certification, after sales service certification, electronic commerce service certification, and health care service certification.

Certification can be relatively expensive, particularly if national certification and accreditation bodies are non existent, or if self certification or certification by national bodies is not accepted in overseas markets.

Proliferation of certification bodies and the impact on the quality of certification

Verification and certification

Deterrents to certification

The certification industry

Experts may wish to identify the basic requirements in terms of infrastructure, e.g. availability of consultants and or credible certification bodies, required for companies to participate successfully in ISO 14001.

Kimberley Process Certification Scheme.

Certification of financial statements

Mutual recognition of certification

Implementing partners audit certification

certification and authentication of documents

The certification report shall constitute

Certification of the financial statements

Implementation, Certification and Accrediation Issues

D. Certification and accreditation issues

Contracts on certification of containers

There never was a certification.

(b) Kimberley Process Diamond Certification Scheme an international certification scheme designed to regulate trade in rough diamonds

In most other cases developing country companies may seek certification in response to requirements from overseas customers to demonstrate an EMS certified to ISO 14001, to supply chain pressure, or to public procurement policies.

Big companies. Big companies.

Conduct of the certification service provider

Certification was achieved for both ports.

Implementing the Kimberley Process Certification Scheme