76. In addition, the Federation of Congolese Businesses was dissolved and the Government created the National Association of Congolese Businesses.

Lastly, the third type of links are structural links which involve complete mergers of enterprises or the absorption of enterprises by other enterprises.

45 of all micro enterprises and small businesses in the country are owned by women and generate one third of the employment in those businesses.

(b) Holding office in an enterprise owned in whole or in part by the State.

Six of the worlds' top 10 grocery retailers are from the United States, and four of these do not operate outside home territory.

Indian firms, including SMEs, also faced competition from abroad as a result of globalization.

Business Groups Appeal to China Over Cybersecurity Law

The main concern of the EDB was and still is to attract foreign (preferably global) firms to invest in Singapore.

Most of the enterprises in the first category are either foreign owned or in the public sector.

Furthermore, national youth led business funds could be established in order to provide necessary assistance to young entrepreneurs.

According to the national agricultural census conducted in 2000, only 15 per cent of all Nicaragua's small and medium sized agricultural enterprises have had access to financing of these, only 2 per cent receive financing from the formal banking system.

271. According to the results of the 1992 National Survey of Micro enterprises and Small Businesses in the Dominican Republic, our micro enterprise and small business sector has the following characteristics

INAFORP therefore promotes and organizes, in agreement with individual firms, training programmes that tap the abilities of each party.

One or more enterprises which already control at least one enterprise directly or indirectly acquire total or partial control of one or more enterprises

Linkages between foreign and local firms should be encouraged.

In Zimbabwe, for example, the Small Business Support Unit of the Zimbabwe National Chamber of Commerce (ZNCC) encourages participants of training, advisory and consultancy services to belong to the ZNCC or to other business organizations, so as to facilitate networking among entrepreneurs and the sharing of experiences among SMEs of the same trade.

Cairo 1996. In Haiti, eight national bodies claim to represent the business sector.

Big operator, worldwide interests. All seem reputable.

All these applications enable companies to participate more effectively in the local, national and global economy.

In enterprise debt, IMF's report suggests that comprehensive measures can be taken to address enterprise debt issues.

Enterprise partnerships involving both local and foreign firms can help African enterprises achieve competitiveness in regional and global markets.

However, risks of outbreak of an all out trade war stuck the business prospects of enterprises, likely to threaten the business capital expenditure.

The national programmes for the creation of productive jobs are associated with the policies for modernization of industry and agriculture and with the promotion of farm exports, micro enterprises and other small businesses.

All in the Family

And indeed, the head of the Chambers of Commerce is now the chairman of the Studio Schools Trust and helping it, not just with big businesses, but small businesses all over the country.

First among these challenges is that, as major global firms speed up the process of innovation in processes and products so as to maintain, and eventually expand, their technological lead vis à vis newcomers, the latter, particularly those in developing countries, are under pressure to keep up and accelerate the process of technological absorption and innovation, whether through in house capabilities or through the establishment of appropriate inter firm linkages.

State company BSVT (Belspetsv Technica)

At the present time, small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) and microenterprises constitute one of the most important sources of employment and income in Nicaragua.

They therefore become engaged in precarious, sometimes hazardous, low productive occupations with very little income, such as home based work and self employment, or in micro and small enterprises, scattered over the rural and urban landscape.

Special attention will be paid to assessing the synergy between cluster development, business linkages and access by SMEs in developing countries to global value chains.

The process of globalization had largely affected the business environment for SMEs, and it was becoming increasingly important for firms to become internationally competitive, if they were to survive.

We thank Pakistan for its security guarantee provided to Chinese enterprises and citizens in Pakistan.

The Business of Business is More Than Business

With respect to the types of enterprises, one may distinguish between informal sector enterprises, essentially microenterprises, and enterprises in the formal sector, which include some microenterprises, SMEs and large firms.

Not just large Chinese enterprises but SMEs too are investing abroad.

It had therefore become of the utmost importance to understand under what conditions developing countries' firms could successfully participate in the internationalization process, including through integrated production networks, TNC SME linkages, global value chains and outward investment from developing country firms.

SMEs in the software industry are disproportionately more internationalized than SMEs in manufacturing activities This reflects the competitiveness of Indian SMEs in software activities.

Generally, developing country SMEs are not well prepared, and few of them today are in a position to benefit from globalization.

The nationwide small scale funding project provides training and advice for businessmen and business women working in micro and small businesses.

Since the majority of SMEs investing abroad are looking for local SMEs to partner with, it is important that host countries encourage the development of their SME sectors so that local enterprises have the capability to form alliances or joint ventures with the investing SMEs from abroad (Cho 2003 UNCTAD 1998).

This programme is aimed at more advanced medium sized and small enterprises seeking to achieve international competitiveness, and is therefore concentrated on linking SMEs to larger enterprises and integrating them into broader global value chains.

Its scope of application covered all undertakings, including State enterprises.

New ground would be broken in reforming State owned enterprises and diversifying public ownership.

428. Most workplaces in the country are in the public sector or in publicly owned enterprises.

Section II Telecommunications and the globalization of international trade A vital role for SMEs