Are the 900,000 Mexicans who enter the United States illegally each year economic or ecological emigrants?

On a related front, there is still a debate concerning whether those seeking asylum are illegal immigrants (often linked with economic migration economic migrants) or refugees.

It was noted that women constituted approximately 48 per cent of all migrants, and that since 1990, the number of women migrating as autonomous economic migrants has been increasing.

Mr. Chernenko (Russian Federation) said that globalization had affected migration flows and that there were many economic migrants who did not require international protection.

In 1977, an official French Government report entitled Immigration et développement économique et social emphasized the beneficial effects of immigration.

Migrants' remittances represented a substantial inflow into the economy of the countries of origin.

Large scale movements of refugees from rural to urban areas and their participation in economic activities had created massive administrative, economic and social problems.

24. In devising policies to protect the civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights of immigrants, States would be well advised to consult with representatives of immigrant associations.

This was because, over time, the nature of the outflow had changed with many economic migrants being mixed in with refugees.

Over time, economic inequalities have grown between the native Papuans and the new migrants, who have arrived in greater numbers since the opening of a new air routes to Nabire Airport.

Forty per cent of the migrant female EAP of rural origin has secondary education or higher, as against only 18 per cent of the non migrant female EAP.

Migratory flows had their origin, inter alia, in economic expectations associated with the region of destination.

John K. Galbraith maintains that these migrants are an economic necessity for the developed countries.Galbraith, The Culture of Contentment , op. cit., pp. 138 et seq.

In practice, however, it has never been simple to distinguish between economic and political migrants, because political persecution usually includes economic restrictions. The Jews fleeing pogroms in Eastern Europe at the end of the nineteenth century, or Hitler s Germany in the 1930s, were both economic and political migrants.

Emphasizing the global character of the migratory phenomenon, the importance of international, regional and bilateral cooperation and the need to protect human rights of migrants, particularly at a time in which migration flows have increased in the globalized economy and take place in a context of new security concerns,

Some might well be economic migrants, but the possibility must not be excluded that others might truly be refugees.

Not only are migrant flows into Europe shattering records from one month to the next migrants primary entry points are changing as well. Meanwhile, the already hazy lines between asylum seekers, refugees, displaced persons, and purely economic migrants are becoming increasingly difficult to distinguish at all.

Several speakers stressed that high priority should be accorded to addressing the root socio economic causes of smuggling of migrants.

Minority and immigrant populations are similarly more likely to be subject to social and economic exclusion.

Several speakers stressed that high priority should be accorded to addressing the root socio economic causes of smuggling of migrants.

(a) The structural crisis of the developed capitalist economies and the problems involved in integrating international migrations into the socio economic changes taking place at the global level.

Debunking the myths about migration that most immigrants enter unlawfully, for example, or that immigration displaces existing workers would be a good place to start. It would also be useful to explain that immigration is necessary for prosperity and growth in almost all OECD countries.

With the transformation of the Irish economy, immigration had replaced emigration as a major challenge.

He stressed that developed countries have to provide economic cooperation for the countries that are the main sources of migrants, in order to reduce the causes of migration, although this is a long term solution.

Economists regard migration as a movement of individuals in search of a better life and call for more immigration to offset population aging, or to provide workers to do the dirty jobs. But such evocations of economic man miss a key dimension of migration People carry their culture with them across political frontiers.

Moreover, these migrants are no longer exclusively of rural origin, nor do they travel only to traditional areas in the US they are, literally, everywhere. Their remittances contribute immensely to the economic welfare of their families, communities, and home countries economies.

Globalization had also affected the flow of refugees many individuals from developing countries seeking asylum in industrialized countries were economic migrants.

The societal impacts relate notably to human migration and economic refugees, leading to deepening poverty and political instability.

32. All over the world, immigrants have become easy scapegoats and sacrificial victims of economic crises or insecurity.

32. Commission on Human Rights Working Group on Migrants and Human Rights, second session Economic and Social Council decision 1997 243

25. Commission on Human Rights Working Group on Migrants and Human Rights Economic and Social Council decision 1998 244

It was stressed that the only way to prevent the phenomenon was by empowering potential migrants in their home countries and by promoting economic and community development in areas of high migration in order to curb migration and stabilize the population.

ROME For more than a decade, Asia s economies have been on the move and so have its people. The scale of migration from rural to urban areas and across international borders is historically unprecedented, and twenty first century Asia is its focal point.

Accordingly, States should integrate the social and economic dimensions of migratory flows in their development strategies.

The Republic of Kazakstan intended to use its migration policy to regulate migration flows and to establish legal, economic and social mechanisms to promote the stability of the process.

Research on the family emigration phenomenon and identification of its causes and motivation and its impacts on national economies on the one hand, and on the life of the families concerned themselves on the other hand

492. It is noted that the recession has had serious consequences for the State party in general and has led to severe setbacks for refugees and immigrants, in particular.

That gap was being addressed through the Immigration and Residence Bill, which was proposing an Irish naturalization and immigration service with a unit to help all legal third country residents integrate into economic and cultural life.

3. Each State Party shall promote or strengthen, as appropriate, development programmes and cooperation at the national, regional and international levels, taking into account the socio economic realities of migration and paying special attention to economically and socially depressed areas, in order to combat the root socio economic causes of the smuggling of migrants, such as poverty and underdevelopment.

In the past, the chief motive for migration was economic. The debate to which economic migration gave rise was between liberals, who upheld the principle of the free movement of labor, and those who wanted restrictions on movement among countries in order to protect jobs, culture, and or political cohesion.

This percentage increases to 71 per cent if only the migrant female EAP of rural origin is counted.

Ms. Gabr, noting that the growing numbers of immigrants in Ireland was a result of the economic boom, enquired whether Ireland was drafting special protection measures for immigrant women, who were especially vulnerable.

12. Invites Governments to identify the causes of undocumented migration and its economic, social and demographic impact, as well as its implications for the formulation and application of social, economic and migration policies, including those relating to women migrant workers

13. Invites Governments to identify the causes of undocumented migration and its economic, social and demographic impact, as well as its implications for the formulation and application of social, economic and migration policies, including those relating to women migrant workers

Panel discussion on Report of the Global Commission on International Migration Challenges for 2006 and Beyond (organized by the Population Division, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, and the Subcommittee on Immigrants and Refugees of the NGO Committee on Human Rights, on the occasion of International Migrants Day)